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2021 Supreme(Cal) 98

IN THE HIGH COURT OF CALCUTTA
Jay Sengupta, J.
Rima Roy Karmakar - Appellant
Versus
State Of West Bengal & Ors. - Respondents
C.R.R. No. 1600 of 2020; C.R.A.N. No. 1 of 2020
Decided On : 17-03-2021

Advocates Appeared:
Debasis Kar, Advocate, Husen Mustafi, Advocate, Subhajit Chowdhury, Advocate, Amitabha Ghosh, Advocate, M.M. Roy, Advocate, Imran Ali, Advocate, M.F.A. Begg, Advocate

The welfare of the child is of paramount consideration in determining custody, and the best care and attention for the infant should be a primary factor in deciding custody disputes.

Headnote:

Criminal Revision - Child Custody - Section 97 of the Code of Criminal Procedure - Section 6 of the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act - [Section 97 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, Section 6 of the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act] - The court discussed the application of Section 97 of the Code of Criminal Procedure in granting custody of a minor child to the mother, emphasizing the paramount consideration of the welfare of the minor. The court also referred to the provisions of the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act and highlighted the importance of considering the best care and attention for the infant in determining custody.

Fact of the Case:

The case involved a dispute over the custody of a two-year-old child between the mother and the father. The court was tasked with deciding whether the child should be produced before the court and the custody issue.

Finding of the Court:

The court refrained from pre-empting the outcome of the pending revision before the Learned Sessions Court but emphasized the immediate well-being of the infant. It set aside the impugned order and directed the learned Sessions Court to decide the revisional application without insisting upon the production of the infant baby in Court. The mother was granted custody of the child during the pendency of the revision.

Issues: The main issue was the custody of the minor child and whether the child should be produced before the court. The court also addressed the abuse of the process of court and the hierarchy of courts.

Ratio Decidendi: The welfare of the child was of paramount consideration, and the court emphasized the importance of the mother providing constant care and attention to the infant. The court refrained from pre-empting the outcome of the pending revision but granted custody to the mother during the pendency of the revision.

Final Decision: The impugned order was set aside, and the learned Sessions Court was directed to decide the revisional application without insisting upon the production of the infant baby in Court. The mother was granted custody of the child during the pendency of the revision, with the father having visitation rights and the liberty to initiate a proceeding under the Guardians and Wards Act.

JUDGMENT

Jay Sengupta, J. - This is an application challenging an order dated 20.10.2020 passed by the Learned Additional Sessions Judge, 4th Fast Track Court, Barrackpore, North 24 Parganas in Criminal Revision No. 247 of 2020, thereby, inter alia, extending the interim stay granted earlier and directing the petitioner to produce her minor child before the Court on 19.11.2020 at 2 p.m.

2. Learned Counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioner submits as follows. The petitioner is the mother of the infant baby, presently aged about two years. The petitioner had filed an application under Section 97 of the Code of Criminal Procedure before the Learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate at Barrackpore, North 24 Parganas being Complaint Case No. 372 of 2020, which was subsequently transferred to the Learned Judicial Magistrate, 4th Court, Barrackpore, North 24 Parganas for disposal. On 29.09.2020 the Learned Court was pleased to allow the prayer of the petitioner directing the Inspector-in-Charge of Titagarh Police Station to execute the warrant and produce the child before the Court on the next date. On 15.10.2020 the Learned Court further directed the use of essential force in order to comply with the order passed earlier. Because the infant child was a suckling baby, it was absolutely necessary that the petitioner being the mother of the child was given immediate custody of the child. She was the one who could give the best care and attention to the infant that the said infant so badly needed. The private opposite party no. 2/husband challenged this order in revision being Criminal Revision No. 247/2020 before the Learned Additional Sessions Judge, First Track Court, Barrackpore. On 12.10.2020 an interim stay on the operation of the impugned order was granted by the Learned Revisional Court and the matter was transferred to the Court of the Learned Additional Sessions Judge, 4th Fast Track Court, Barrackpore, North 24 Parganas for disposal. On 19.10.2020 after coming to know about the subsequent order dated 15.10.2020 passed by the Learned Magistrate, the Learned Revisional Court sought an explanation from the Learned Magistrate as to how such order could be passed in spite of a stay granted by the Learned Revisional Court in the meantime. On 19.10.2020 the Learned Revisional Court recorded that there was no whisper in the photocopy of Lower Court's record about the receipt of the order of the Learned Revisional Court dated 12.10.2020 by which the order dated 29.09.2020 passed by the Learned Magistrate had been stayed. As the Learned Revisional Court found an apparent discrepancy in the said records, the original Lower Court's record was called for. Thereafter, on 20.10.2020 the Learned Revisional Court recorded that the Learned Judicial Magistrate had submitted his written answer, which had arrived along with the original Lower Court's record. The interim stay was extended. The matter was adjourned for hearing on 19.11.2020 and the minor child was directed to be produced in Court on that day at 2 p.m. It appeared that because of a clash of ego between the learned Sessions Court and the Learned Magistrate concerned, the well being of the two years' old child was being sacrificed. The anomaly of the records or the justification of the Learned Magistrate could have been decided without production of the child in Court. Even the issue of whether the custody of the child should remain with the mother could be decided without the production of the child in Court. It was obvious that an infant of two years' of age would not be able to express his mind about with whom he would like to stay. If the welfare of child is of paramount consideration, then it could well be decided without harassing the child by directing his production before a Court of law. Being aggrieved with the order dated 20.10.2020 passed by the Learned Sessions Court, the petitioner preferred the instant revisional application. By an order dated 12.11.2020 passed in

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