IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
Navin Sinha, P. Sam Koshy, JJ.
Savitri Bai - Appellant
Vs.
State of M.P. - Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 620 of 1999
Decided On: 02.02.2015
Indian Penal Code - Section 302/34 - Life Imprisonment - Circumstantial evidence – Offence of Murder – Injury - Learned Counsel for appellant submitted that there is no eye witness to the occurrence and the entire case of the prosecution is based on the alleged extra-judicial confession of co-accused along with confession of the co-accused under Section 27 of the Evidence Act leading to recovery of and grinding stone alleged to have been used for assault. The forensic report with regard to both is negative with no presence of blood - It leaves only the extra-judicial confession of the co-accused only. There is no material whatsoever against the appellant to convict her on the basis of any circumstantial evidence even. The co-accused never made an extra judicial confession. What is alleged to be a confession where statements made to the police when it came to the village, in presence of the villagers including Prasad – Held, There appears to have been no motive for the Appellant to kill the deceased who was her husband. No evidence has come of an amorous relationship between her and the co-accused except a mere suggestion with regard to the same - According deceased had no objection to the co-accused visiting their house regularly and never suspected the fidelity of his wife has further stated that it was appellant who herself went to and the villagers crying that her husband had been done away with – Court further find that in alleged confession attributed to the co-accused he had not ascribed any role to Appellant much less is there any corroborative evidence in support of the same. It has come in the evidence of that it was co-villager who had spread a canard in the village of the co-accused having illicit relations with the Appellant possibility that because of this general having been spread, another villager having been peeved with the conduct of the deceased in not protesting may have vented his ire against him. If the deceased was not objecting to the co-accused visiting his house regularly, eating and even sleeping there it is difficult to accept that the Appellant had any occasion to team up with the co-accused for doing away with the deceased - For this purpose the court must all the relevant facts such as the person to whom the confession is made, the time and place of making it, the circumstances in which it was made and finally the actual words used by the accused - Extra-judicial confession if found to be voluntary, can be relied upon by the court along with other evidence on record – Therefore even extrajudicial confession will also have to be proved like any other fact value of the evidence as to the confession depends upon the veracity of the witness to whom it is made and the circumstances in which it came to be made and the actual words used by the accused - Appeal is allowed
Navin Sinha, J.
1. The present appeal arises from judgment dated 22.02.1999 of the First Additional Sessions Judge, Baloda Bazar in Sessions Trial No. 61 of 1998, convicting the Appellant under Section 302/34 IPC to life imprisonment and fine of Rs. 5,000, in the event of failure to pay which she was required to undergo one year further rigorous imprisonment. Learned Counsel for the Appellant submitted that Merg, Exhibit P-1 was lodged on 4.11.1997 by Thirwar Das, PW-1 on information given to him by the Appellant that her husband was lying dead at the door of the house. FIR was registered on the basis of the same by ASI B.L. Sahu, PW-13 marked Exhibit P-17 on 8.11.1997. The post mortem was conducted on 6.11.1997 by Dr. F.R. Nirala, PW-9 and the report Exhibit P-12 revealed three injuries on the person of the deceased; i) lacerated wound 1 1/2" x 1/2 c.m. x 1/2. c.m. over right cheek ii) Compound committed fracture of zygomatic bone iii) Contusion 2" x 1/2" over chest left side below nipple, internally fracture of 5th and 6th rib and Echymosis blood clot opining that the cause of death was due to excessive blood loss.
2. Learned Counsel for the appellant submitted that there is no eye witness to the occurrence and the entire case of the prosecution is based on the alleged extra-judicial confession of co-accused along with confession of the co-accused under Section 27 of the Evidence Act leading to recovery of Lungi and grinding stone alleged to have been used for assault. The forensic report with regard to both is negative with no presence of blood. It leaves only the extra-judicial confession of the co-accused only. There is no material whatsoever against the appellant to convict her on the basis of any circumstantial evidence even. The co-accused never made an extra judicial confession. What is alleged to be a confession where statements made to the police when it came to the village, in presence of the villagers including PW-3 Ayodhya Prasad and PW-8 Punitram. The motive alleged against the Appellant is her extra marital affair with the co-accused. PW-2 Bhagchand has deposed that the deceased never suspected the infidelity of his wife and never objected to the co-accused coming to his house as he was a regular visitor. There was no material to sustain the conviction of the appellant or even ascribe any motive to her.
3. Counsel for the State relied upon the extra judicial confession made by the co-accused that they had intended to kill the deceased as the Appellant had an extra marital affair with the co-accused and that the deceased husband was an impediment in the same. There existed a motive for the Appellant to kill the deceased in association with her paramour which was an important consideration in a case of circumstantial evidence.
4. We have considered the submissions on behalf of the parties and perused the evidence on record also. There is no eye witness to the occurrence and the case against the Appellant is based on circumstantial evidence coupled with the extra judicial confession of the co-accused. In case of circumstantial evidence, there must be some tangible material linked with a chain of circumstances and one circumstance must be intertwined with the other in a continuous link compatible only with the guilt of the accused pointing inescapably to the same. There must be no other hypothesis possible compatible with the innocence of the accused. In the latter case, the benefit of doubt must be given to the accused. In the present case the only circumstantial evidence emerging against the Appellant is the motive because of her extra marital affair with the co-accused. We find it difficult to accept the existence of motive especially when prosecution witnesses have themselves stated that the deceased never objected to the co-accused visiting his house and even staying at times. If the co-accused had easy access to the house of the Appellant with no objection being raised by the deceased who was her husband,
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