IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH
N.K. AGARWAL, J.
SONA RALSEL - Appellant
Versus
KIRAN MAYEE NAYAK (SMT.) AND ANOTHER - Respondent
Decided on : 13-07-2009
Hindu Marriage Act - Mis-joinder of parties - Section 11, Section 5(i) - The court discussed the provisions of Section 11 and Section 5(i) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 and the right of the first wife to file a petition under Section 11. The court held that the first wife cannot file a petition under Section 11 of the Act against the second wife, but she is entitled to file a civil suit under Section 9 of CPC read with Section 34 of the Specific Reliefs Act.
Fact of the Case:
The respondents jointly filed a petition under Section 11 of the Hindu Marriage Act against the petitioner for a declaration that the marriage between the petitioner and respondent No. 2 is a nullity. The petitioner filed an application under Order 1 Rule 13 read with Section 151 of CPC, claiming mis-joinder of parties. The Trial Court dismissed the application, leading to the instant petition.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the first wife cannot file a petition under Section 11 of the Hindu Marriage Act against the second wife, but she is entitled to file a civil suit under Section 9 of CPC read with Section 34 of the Specific Reliefs Act. The application filed by the petitioner under Order 1 Rule 13 should have been allowed by the Trial Court.
Issues: The core issue was whether the first wife has a right to file a petition along with her husband against the second wife under Section 11 of the Hindu Marriage Act.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the language of Section 11 of the Act gives the right to file a petition to a party to the marriage against the other and not to any third party who may be claiming to be the first wife. The first wife cannot prefer an application along with her husband against the second wife under Section 11 of the Act, but she is entitled to file a civil suit in this regard invoking Section 9 of CPC read with Section 34 of the Specific Reliefs Act.
Final Decision: The petition was allowed, and the name of respondent No. 1 was ordered to be deleted from the cause title of the petition filed by the respondents jointly. The part of the order dismissing the application under Order 1 Rule 13 was quashed, with a clarification that it will not affect the petition and its proceedings, and the Trial Court shall proceed to decide the petition in accordance with the law.
N.K. AGARWAL, J.
1. The instant petition is directed against the part of the order dated 19-12-2006 passed by Second Additional Principal Judge, Family Court, Raipur in H.M. No. 16-A/2006 whereby and whereunder application under Order 1 Rule 13 read with Section 151 of CPC filed by the petitioner herein has been dismissed by the Trial Court.
2. Brief facts of the case giving rise to this petition are that the respondents herein jointly filed petition u/s 11 of the Hindu Marriage Act (briefly 'the Act') against the petitioner herein for claiming a relief of declaration to the effect that the marriage solemnized between the petitioner and the respondent No. 2 is a nullity.
3. The petitioner preferred an application (Annexure P-2) under Order 1 Rule 13 read with Section 151 of CPC submitting that as far as respondent No. 1 is concerned, she has no right to prefer an application u/s 11 of the Act and, therefore, the application filed by the respondents suffers from mis-joinder of parties. The respondents herein filed a joint reply (Annexure P-4) and opposed the application on the ground stated in their reply.
4. Learned Trial Court upon hearing the parties held that the respondent No. 1 herein is not an unnecessary party and dismissed the application preferred by the petitioner. Hence this petition.
5. Shri Uttam Pandey, learned Counsel for the petitioner submitted that a bare perusal of Section 11 of the Act would reveal that a petition under this Section can only be filed by either party to the marriage against each other for a relief of declaration that the marriage solemnized between them being void is invalid, whereas the instant petition filed by the respondent No. 1 would be of the nature that she being the first legally wedded wife of respondent No. 2, so the marriage solemnized between the respondent No. 2 and the petitioner be declared void by passing a decree in this regard and, therefore, the petition at least filed by the respondent No. 1 is not maintainable in accordance with the provision of Section 11 of the Act and, therefore, the petition suffers from mis-joinder of party and the name of respondent No. 1 be deleted from the cause title of the petition filed by the respondents jointly. In support of his submissions, he placed reliance on the decisions in the case of Ajay Chandrakar and Others Vs. Smt. Ushabai, (2000) 2 MPLJ 112, Harmohan Senapati Vs. Smt. Kamala Kumari Senapati and Another, AIR 1979 Ori 51, Kedar Nath Gupta Vs. Sm. Suprava, AIR 1963 Patna 311 and Amarlal Goru and Another Vs. Vijayabai Singroda, AIR 1959 MP 400.
6. Shri J.R. Verma, learned Counsel appearing for respondent No. 2 submitted that as far as the respondent No. 2 is concerned, the petition has been validly filed and, therefore, even if the Court comes to a conclusion that the respondent No. 1 is not necessary party or proper party in the petition filed u/s 11 of the Act, it will not affect the petition, which has also been filed by the respondent No. 2.
7. Per contra, Smt. Kiranmayee Nayak, respondent No. 1 appearing in person, submitted that she being the first legally wedded wife of respondent No. 2, is entitled to institute action along with her husband against the petitioner, whose marriage with respondent No. 2 is on the face of record void and deserves to be declared as such. Section 11 of the Act has to be read along with Section 5(i) of the Act while interpreting the words 'either party thereto' in Section 11. Therefore, she being necessary/proper party, the order passed by the Trial Court deserves to be upheld as there is no jurisdictional irregularity or illegality committed by the Trial Court. Reliance has been placed by respondent No. 1 on the judgments in the case of Smt. Ram Pyari Vs. Dharam Das and Others, AIR 1984 All 147, Banshidhar Jha Vs. Chhabi Chatterjee, (1967) CriLJ 1176, Naurang Singh Chuni Singh Vs. Smt. Sapla Devi, AIR 1968 All 412, Rajeshbai and Others Vs. Shantabai, AIR 1982 Bom 231, and Savitaben Somabhai Bhat
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