High Court Of Delhi
FRITCO-LAY INDIA - Appellant
Versus
AMIT GOSWAMY - Respondent
Interim Application 3329 of 1999
Decided On : 09/17/1999
COPYRIGHT - INFRINGEMENT - PASSING OFF - UNFAIR COMPETITION - PROMOTIONAL CAMPAIGN - CIRCULAR DISCS - Plaintiff alleged that defendant copied its promotional campaign of distributing free collectible circular discs with grooves and characters printed on them, and that defendant's use of the mark AMAZZO for its discs was deceptively similar to plaintiff's mark TAZO. Court held that plaintiff did not have a copyright in every type of circular disc, and that defendant's discs, which had holes instead of grooves, were not an infringement of plaintiff's copyright. Court also held that the word AMAZZO was not deceptively similar to TAZO, and that defendant's use of the mark did not amount to passing off or unfair competition.
Fact of the Case:
Plaintiff, a subsidiary of PepsiCo, launched a promotional campaign in India in 1998, giving away free collectible circular discs with grooves and characters printed on them, known as TAZO, to promote its snack food products. Defendant, a leading manufacturer of potato chips, started a similar promotional campaign in March 1999, distributing free collectible circular discs with holes and characters printed on them, under the mark AMAZZO. Plaintiff filed suit for injunction, alleging infringement of copyright, passing off, and unfair competition.
Finding of the Court:
1. Plaintiff did not have a copyright in every type of circular disc, and defendant's discs, which had holes instead of grooves, were not an infringement of plaintiff's copyright. 2. The word AMAZZO was not deceptively similar to TAZO, and defendant's use of the mark did not amount to passing off or unfair competition. 3. Defendant was restrained from distributing free collectible circular discs having grooves/notch or gooves/notches.
Issues: 1. Whether plaintiff had a copyright in every type of circular disc. 2. Whether defendant's discs infringed plaintiff's copyright. 3. Whether defendant's use of the mark AMAZZO amounted to passing off or unfair competition.
Ratio Decidendi: 1. Copyright protection extends only to original works of authorship, and does not extend to mere ideas or concepts. 2. In order to establish copyright infringement, plaintiff must show that defendant copied protectable elements of plaintiff's work. 3. The law of passing off protects a trader's goodwill from being damaged by another trader's misrepresentation that its goods or services are those of the first trader. 4. Unfair competition is a broader concept that encompasses a variety of deceptive or unethical business practices that harm competitors.
Final Decision: Plaintiff's application for an interim injunction was dismissed, except for the injunction restraining defendant from distributing free collectible circular discs having grooves/notch or gooves/notches.
( 1 ) PLAINTIFF No. 1 is a subsidiary of Pepsico India Holdings Limited which in turn is a subsidiary of plaintiff No. 2 Pepsico Inc. , a Corporation existing under the laws of the United States of America. Plaintiff No. I is engaged in the manufacture and sale of a variety of snack products including potato chips. With a view to promoting its snack food products plaintiff No. 1 launched a promotional compaign by giving free collectibles in the form of round discs with or without grooves with each packet of its Lays and Chectos chips. Though it is alleged in the plaint that this promotional compaign for promotion of the snack food products of the plaintiffs is prevalent in several countries in the world since 1992-93, in India the compaign was launched in or about September, 1998.
( 2 ) DEFENDANT No. 2 is also a leading manufacturer of potato chips being marketed under the name and style of "uncle Chipps". In order to boost the sale of its products defendant No. 2 in March, 1999 also started its promotional programme by distributing free collectibles in the form of round discs. While the discs being distributed by the plaintiffs were known as TAZO, defendant No. 2 started distributing free collectibles in the form of discs under the mark of AMAZZO. This attempt on the part of defendant No. 2 to distribute free collectibles in the form of round discs was alleged to be a deliberate act of piracy and copying of the disc being distributed by the plaintiffs in which the plaintiffs allegedly had a copyright. The plaintiffs, therefore, filed this suit for injunction restraining the defendants from issuing free collectibles in the form of circular discs with or without grooves with their products under the mark AMAZZO or any other mark.
( 3 ) IT was alleged by the plaintiffs that not only that the defendants were trying to encash upon the reputation and goodwill of the plaintiffs in the promotional compaign of distribution of free discs but the free discs being distributed by the defendants were also an attempt on their part to infringe the copyright of the plaintiffs in the discs and also an attempt to pass off its products as those of the plaintiffs. The further attempt of defendant No. 2 to distribute its disc under the mark AMAZZO was also alleged to be unfair competition on the part of the said defendant inasmuch as not only that the disc being distributed was similar but there was phonetic similarity in the two marks. Alongwith the suit the plaintiffs filed an application for an interim injunction restraining the defendants from issuing free collectibles in the form of circular discs with or without grooves with their products under the mark AMAZZO or another mark which was identical or deceptively similar to the plaintiffs mark TAZO. By this order I propose to dispose of this application of the plaintiffs for the grant of an ad interim injunction.
( 4 ) THE case as set up in the plaint is that in or about March, 1992-93 plaintiff No. 2 had started one of the biggest promotional campaign in Mexico in relation to snack foods by giving of free collectibles in the form of round discs with each packet of snack food. The key elements of these discs were : (1) that they were circular, (2) they had grooves with one big groove which was utilised for making the circular discs fly, (3) they were 4. 5 cms. in diameter and 1. 0 mm. thick, (4) they had characters printed on one side and trade mark printed on the other side. These discs were introduced in series. The campaign involved giving a free disc with every packet of snack food. The disc was inserted into every packet and had various cartoon figures and comic characters which were favourites of kids. Extensive advertisement and publicity was given, mainly directed at young children so as to induce them to collect the discs which would lead to boost in the sales of the plaintiffs products. These discs could be used for playing certain games, two of which were mention
Escorts Construction Equipment Limited v. Action Construction Equipment Private Limited and Another
K.R. Chinnakrishna Chettiar v. Ambal and Company
Amritdhara Pharmacy v. Satyadeo Gupta
Ruston and Hornby Limited v. Zamindara Engineering Company
Raja Pocket Books v. Radha Pocket Books
Escorts Construction Equipment Limited v. Action Construction Equipment Private Limited and Another
K.R. Chinnakrishna Chettiar v. Ambal and Company
Amritdhara Pharmacy v. Satyadeo Gupta
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.