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1996 Supreme(Del) 26

High Court Of Delhi
TARUN KUMAR - Appellant
Versus
AJAY KUMAR - Respondent
Decided On : 01/01/1996

Interrogatories can be delivered upon the adversary provided they are necessary for obtaining information from the adversary either to maintain the case of the party administering them or even to destroy the case of the adversary. Interrogatories cannot be allowed to be delivered in case they are in the nature of making fishing inquiries from the adversary. Interrogatories must be confined to facts which are relevant to the matters in question in the suit.

Headnote:

INTERROGATORIES - HINDU UNDIVIDED FAMILY - ORDER 11, CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, 1908 - Interrogatories can be delivered upon the adversary provided they are necessary for obtaining information from the adversary either to maintain the case of the party administering them or even to destroy the case of the adversary. Interrogatories cannot be allowed to be delivered in case they are in the nature of making fishing inquiries from the adversary. Interrogatories must be confined to facts which are relevant to the matters in question in the suit.

Fact of the Case:

Plaintiffs, wife and children of defendant No. 1, filed a suit for partition, rendition of accounts, and declaration in respect of certain properties allegedly owned by the joint Hindu family. Defendant No. 2, the eldest male member of the family and Karta of the Hindu Undivided Family, filed a written statement denying the joint Hindu family's existence and claiming that there had been a partition in 1957. The plaintiffs applied to deliver interrogatories upon defendant No. 2 to elicit information about the properties to be partitioned.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the interrogatories were necessary for obtaining information from the adversary to maintain the case of the party administering them and were confined to facts relevant to the matters in question in the suit. The court allowed the plaintiffs to deliver interrogatories Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 with all its sub-paras upon defendant No. 2 for answer in accordance with the provisions of Order 11 of Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, but disallowed interrogatories Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 as they were in the nature of fishing inquiries.

Issues: Whether the plaintiffs had locus standi to reopen the partition and to what extent; Whether the partitions were equal, just, fair, and conscionable; and What properties could be repartitioned and the respective shares of the plaintiffs and defendants therein.

Ratio Decidendi: The court relied on the provisions of Order 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, which allows for the delivery of interrogatories upon the adversary to obtain information about certain facts that are to be proved in the case. The court held that interrogatories can be for discovery of documents as well as for discovery of facts and that the main object of interrogatories is to save expense by enabling the party to obtain from his opponent information as to facts material to the question in dispute between them and to obtain admission of fact which he has to prove on any issue which is raised between them.

Final Decision: The court allowed the plaintiffs to deliver interrogatories Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 with all its sub-paras upon defendant No. 2 for answer in accordance with the provisions of Order 11 of Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, but disallowed interrogatories Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.

S. K. Mahajan

( 1 ) THIS order will dispose of the application of the plaintiff for delivering interrogatories upon defendant No. 2. The brief facts which have resulted in filing the present application are that :- 7 The plaintiff No. 3, the wife and plaintiffs 1 and 2 the son and daughter of defendant No. I, have filed this suit for partition, rendition of accounts and declaration in respect of certain properties, as have been mentioned in the plaint. The allegations made in the plaint are th. it defendants 1 to 4 were carrying on business at various places in India ann abroad as members of a joint Hindu family and some of the business name owned by the said joint hindu family arc "khem Chand Raj Kumar", "khem Chand Vijay Kumar", "shiv Chand Steel Rolling Mills", "steel Corporation of Punjab", "khem Chand Ajay Kumar", "malvika Machine Tools" be-iides others. It is alleged that defendant No. 2 being the eldest male member of the family had been acting as Manager and Karta of Hindu Undivided Family and had been maintaining all accounts of various incomes and funds belonging to the family. Plaintiffs I and 2 claiming themselves to betide co-parceners of the said joint Hindu property have claimed their share by partition in the properties which arc owned and possessed by the said joint Hindu family. The details of the properties which are stated to be owned by the joint Hindu family have been given in Annexure-A to the plaint.

( 2 ) IN the written statement filed by defendant No. 2 while the factum of joint Hindu family has not been denied, however, it is alleged that there was a partition of the joint Hindu family properties in 1957 and defendant No. 1 at that time is alleged to have satisfied himself that partition was in the best interest of defendant No. \ who was minor at that time. It is alleged that in 1973 defendant No. 1, on attaining majority had filed a suit challenging the previous partition and had claimed fresh partition and rendition of accounts. The said suit is stated to have been ultimately dismissed. It has also been stated in the written statement that except in Jalandhar, the Hindu Undivided Family with Lala Khem Chand as Karta owned no property or business in any other part of the country and it was only after his death that defendant No. 2 as Karta expanded the business manifolds. From the written statement of defendant No. 2 it is clear that factu m of there being the Hindu Undivided Family of which he was the Karta, has not been denied. On the pleadings of the parties, the Court framed issues on 23rd September, 1983. Some of the issues framed are as under :- 8. Have the plaintiffs or any one of them locus standi to re-open the partition, if proved, as per issues 1 to 7, and to what extent? 9. In case. Issue No. 8 is found for the plaintiff, were the partitions or any one of them referred to inissues 1 to 7 equal just, fair and conscionable? 10. In case, Issue No. 9 is found against the defendants, what properties can be re-partitioned and what are the respective shares of the plaintiffs and defendants 2 to 4 therein? Present application has been filed by the plaintiffs novy for delivering interrogatories upon the defendants with a view to elicit information about the properties which are now to be partitioned. The case of the plaintiffs in the application is that the extent, the origin and the constitution of properties and business houses and corporations is a question material to the decision of the case and is a matter inissue. The interrogatories which are proposed to be delivered upon defendant No. 2 are stated to be relating to the matters in question in the suit.

( 3 ) REPLY to the application has been filed by delendant No. 2 alleging, inter aha, that the application was an abuse of the process of the Court as the joint Hindu family had been disrupted on 24th March, 1954 when part partition had taken place followed by complete partition on 25th March, 1957. Ids, therefore, alleged that the plaintif





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