1991 Supreme(Del) 645
High Court Of Delhi
ARJAN DEV - Appellant
Versus
OM PARKASH - Respondent
REGULAR FIRST APPEAL 320 of 1991
Decided On : 11/28/1991
G.R.CHHABRA, R.K.MAKHIJA, S.C.Arora
A licensee does not acquire ownership of the property through adverse possession unless there is evidence of a hostile title or claim to exclusive ownership.
Headnote:
PROPERTY DISPUTE - OWNERSHIP - JOINT FAMILY PROPERTY - ADVERSE POSSESSION - LICENSE - DAMAGES - POSSESSION - MESNE PROFITS - HINDU SUCCESSION ACT - INDIAN EASEMENTS ACT - INTERPRETATION - APPLICATION.
Fact of the Case:
Plaintiff, the owner of a property allotted to him by the Ministry of Rehabilitation, filed a suit against his younger brother, the defendant, for possession and damages, claiming the property was his sole ownership and the defendant was a licensee. The defendant claimed the property was a joint family property and he had acquired ownership through adverse possession.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the property was not a joint family property and the defendant was a licensee. It held that the defendant had not acquired ownership through adverse possession and that the plaintiff was entitled to possession and damages.
Issues: 1. Whether the property was a joint family property or the plaintiff's sole ownership? 2. Whether the defendant had acquired ownership through adverse possession? 3. Whether the plaintiff was entitled to possession and damages?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the property was not a joint family property based on the following factors: - The plaintiff was allotted the property by the Ministry of Rehabilitation. - The defendant had signed as a witness on documents showing the plaintiff's ownership. - There was no evidence of joint ownership or messing together as a Joint Hindu Family. 2. The court held that the defendant had not acquired ownership through adverse possession because: - There was no evidence of any hostile title or claim to exclusive ownership by the defendant. - The defendant's statement that he separated his kitchen in 1967 was insufficient to establish adverse possession. 3. The court held that the plaintiff was entitled to possession and damages because: - He was the legal owner of the property. - The defendant was a licensee whose license had been revoked. - The damages claimed were not excessive.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the defendant's appeal and upheld the trial court's decree for possession and damages. However, it granted the defendant six months to vacate the property peacefully, after which the plaintiff could execute the decree.
( 1 ) THIS is an appeal by the defendant against the judgment and decree dated 6 July 1991 of the Additional District Judge whereby the suit of the plaintiff for possession and for damages amounting to Rs. 2,250. 00 was decreed being the mesne profits from the date of notice till date of filing of the suit with proportionate costs. The defendant was further directed to pay future damages at the rate of Rs. 500. 00 per month w. e. f. 9 March 1987 till the date of decree amounting to Rs. 26,000. 00 and covering the period up to 8 July 1991 provided the plaintiff makes up the deficiency in court fee. It was also ordered that the defendant shall pay further mesne profits till the date he vacates the suit property.
( 2 ) THE plaintiff filed the suit for recovery of possession and mesne profits amounting to Rs. 18,000. 00 against the defendant who is his younger brother. The plaintiff said he was the owner of property bearing No. 4d/37, Old Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, which he had purchased from the Ministry of Rehabilita- tion, Government of India, New Delhi. A perpetual lease deed respecting the land underneath was executed in his favour on 22 January 1970 and was duly registered. A supplemental deed conveying the property was also executed in his favour on 29 May 1973 which was said to be effective from 1 January 1954. The plaintiff said his mother, his two other brothers one of them being the defendant and three sisters migrated from Pakistan to India at the time of partition of the country when the plaintiff himself was employed in the Indian Navy and was posted at Singapore; He said on his request the aforesaid property was allotted to him by the Naval Headquarters he being in the employ- ment of defence forces. He said rent of this property was being paid by his mother to whom he used to send money. The defendant at that time was a minor and was staying with his mother and so also the sisters. The other brother is elder to the plaintiff. He was not staying in this house. The mother of the parties died in 1964. The plaintiff was married in 1964 and the defendant in 1966. After the marriage of the defendant, it appears, certain disputes arose in the family. The defendant separated his kitchen as earlier all the family members were having a common kitchen. The plaintiff sought a voluntary retirement from the Navy in the year 1959 and then settled in Delhi. The defendant at the time of filing the suit was in occupation of one room measuring 8 x 12 and a kitchen measuring 8 x 8 in the property in question. The plaint also recites that when the family migrated from Pakistan a compensation of Rs. 61,466/ - was passed in lieu of the properties left by the deceased father of the parties in Pakistan. This amount was separated into four shares, i. e. the mother and three sons, each one getting his separate amount in cash from the Ministry of Re- habilitation. Plaintiff said he was the sole owner of the property in question. He served a notice on the defendant to vacate the portion in his occupation. The defendant did not do so. The plaintiff also claimed damages for the past three years at the rate of Rs. 1,000. 00 per month. Since the defendant did not comply with the notice the plaintiff filed this suit claiming possession as well as seeking re- covery of damages at the rate of Rs. 500. 00 per month for the last three years. He valued the suit property at Rs. 33,000. 00.
( 3 ) DEFENDANT in his written statement said that the suit property was not properly valued and that the court of the Additional District Judge had no jurisdiction to try that suit. He denied the case set up by the plaintiff. He said plaintiff was not the owner and that the property was a joint family property of all the legal heirs of their late father as the property had been purchased / acquired out of the compensation pool. Defendant said plaintiff was only a co-sharer in the said property to the extent as provided under the Hindu Succession Act. H