1988 Supreme(Del) 326
High Court Of Delhi
BALDEV RAJ GANDOK - Appellant
Versus
KISHAN SINGH PASRICHA - Respondent
Regular Second Appeal 104 of 1986
Decided On : 11/01/1988
A.C.SHUBH, D.N.Vohra, R.C.VERMA
Service of summons is incomplete if the serving officer fails to obtain the signature of the person served as an acknowledgment of service, as required by Order V Rule 16 of the Code of Civil Procedure.
Headnote:
CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE - Order V Rule 16 - Service of Summons - Mandatory Provision - Compliance - Endorsement and Signature of Defendant - Essential - Failure to Comply - Service Incomplete - Ex-parte Decree - Setting Aside - Limitation - Knowledge of Decree - Onus of Proof - Heavy on Defendant.
Fact of the Case:
Petitioner filed an application to set aside an ex-parte decree passed against him, claiming that he was never served with the summons. The trial court and the appellate court dismissed the application, finding that the summons had been properly served. The petitioner filed a revision petition in the High Court.
Finding of the Court:
The High Court held that the courts below had committed an illegality in finding that the summons had been properly served. The court noted that the report on the summons showed that the petitioner had made an endorsement and signature acknowledging receipt of the summons, but that this was false. The court also found that the Process Server had failed to comply with the mandatory provisions of Order V Rule 16 of the Code of Civil Procedure, which requires the serving officer to obtain the signature of the person served as an acknowledgment of service. The court held that the service of summons was incomplete and that the ex-parte decree should be set aside.
Issues: 1. Whether the courts below erred in finding that the summons had been properly served? 2. Whether the petitioner had knowledge of the ex-parte decree within the limitation period?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the courts below had erred in finding that the summons had been properly served. The court noted that the report on the summons showed that the petitioner had made an endorsement and signature acknowledging receipt of the summons, but that this was false. The court also found that the Process Server had failed to comply with the mandatory provisions of Order V Rule 16 of the Code of Civil Procedure, which requires the serving officer to obtain the signature of the person served as an acknowledgment of service. The court held that the service of summons was incomplete and that the ex-parte decree should be set aside. 2. The court held that the petitioner had knowledge of the ex-parte decree within the limitation period. The court noted that the petitioner had made a statement on oath that the respondent had come to him on December 20, 1981 and informed him about the ex-parte decree. The court also noted that the respondent had not given any other date of knowledge of the petitioner regarding the passing of the decree. The court held that the petitioner had discharged the onus of proving that he had knowledge of the ex-parte decree on December 20, 1981, and that the application to set aside the decree was within time.
Final Decision: The High Court allowed the revision petition, set aside the orders of the lower courts, and set aside the ex-parte judgment and decree. The court directed the lower court to decide the suit on merits in accordance with law.
( 1 ) THIS regular second appeal has been brought against judgment dated July 14, 1986, of Shri R. K. Sain, Additional District Judge, Delhi, by which he had dismissed an appeal brought against order dated October 3, 1983 of Shri K. S. Paul, Sub-Judge, Delhi, by which he had dismissed an application brought by the appellant seeking setting aside of ex-parte judgment and decree dated May 26, 1981. made in Suit No. 1151/80.
( 2 ) AT the outset, I may mention that the regular second appeal is not competent against the impugned appellate judgment. Under Order XLIII Rule 1 (d) of the Code of Civil Procedure (for short the Code ), an order under Order IX Rule 13 of the Code rejecting an application for an order to set aside a decree passed ex-parte is appealable. That is why the appeal against the order of the Sub-Judge dismissing the application moved under Order IX Rule 13 of the Code was filed and was decided by the Additional District Judge. No second appeal has been provided in respect of such a proceeding. Section 101 of the Code lays down that no second appeal shall lie except on the grounds mentioned in Section 100 of the Code. Under Section 100 of the Code, the second appeal lies to the High Court from every decree passed in appeal. The appellate order made in the present case is not covered by the definition of decree as given in Section 2 (2 ). decree means the formal expression of an adjudication which as far as regards the Court expressing it conclusively determines the rights of the parties with regard to all or any of the matters in controversy in the suit and may be either preliminary or final. The si-it in the present case determining the rights of the parties finally was decided ex-part the application moved for setting aside ex-parte decree was decided by the Sub-Judge and that decision does not have the effect of deciding any controversy arising in the suit. So, on the face of it, neither the order of the Sub-Judge dismissing the application filed under Order IX Rule 13 of the Code nor the order of appellate Court dismissing the appeal can be teimed to be included in the definition of decree . Hence, I hold that the second appeal was not competent against the impugned order of the appellate Court. However, counsel for the appellant has prayed that the present appeal may be treated as a civil revision under Section 115 of the Code. It is true that this Court can treat the present appeal as a revision. However, the revision could be entertained only to see whether the courts below have exercised a jurisdiction not vested in it or have failed to exercise jurisdiction so vested or have acted in the exercise of its jurisdiction illegally or with material irregularity. I direct the office to register the present Regular Second Appeal as a civil revision.
( 3 ) I have heard the arguments in detail in order to see whether this Court should intervene with the orders of the courts below in exercise of its revisional powers.
( 4 ) THE facts, in brief, are that Kishan Singh-respondent had. nstituted a civil suit for recovery of possession of two rooms accommodation located on the first floor of house No. D-4/3, Krishan Nagar, Delhi, with the averments that the respondent- plaintiff is the owner of the said house and he had given possession of the premises in question to the petitioner-Baldevraj as a licensee as he was a friend of the plaintiff. It was pleaded that somewhere in June 1979 the petitioner wanted to occupy some other portion in that house and so the plaintiff, wanted him to vacate the premises and after revoking the licence and on refusal of the petitioner to vacate the premises, the suit was filed on October 29, 1980, seeking decree foi possession. The court directed issuance of summons for settlement of issues to the defendant for December 2. 1980, on deposit of process fee and registered cover. This order was made on October 30. 1980, The record shows that no registered cover was filed and