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1985 Supreme(Del) 13

High Court Of Delhi
RUCHIKA THEATRE GROUP - Appellant
Versus
DELHI ADMINISTRATION - Respondent
Civil 3499 of 1982
Decided On : 01/07/1985

Advocates Appeared:
ANIL KHER, M.M.Sudan, MUKUL ROHTAGI, Y.K.SABHARVAL

In the absence of a Board constituted under Regulation 127a of the Regulations of 1980, the licensing authority has no jurisdiction to insist on an application for a performance license.

Headnote:

Ruchika Theatre Group v. Deputy Commissioner of Police Licensing: Delhi Police Act and Regulations of 1980 - Licensing and Controlling Places of Public Amusement - Freedom of Speech and Expression - Constitutionality - Board for Scrutiny of Performances - Licensing Authority's Jurisdiction.

Fact of the Case:

The petitioner, Ruchika Theatre Group, sought to stage a play titled "Bhutto," a satire on world leaders and heads of government. The petitioner applied for an exemption from entertainment tax and submitted the play's script to the entertainment tax officer, who granted the exemption. However, the Deputy Commissioner of Police Licensing refused to issue a license for the play's performance, citing Regulation 120 of the Licensing and Controlling Places of Public Amusement (other than Cinemas) and Performances for Public Amusement Regulations of 1980 (Regulations of 1980).

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the impugned order refusing to issue a license was illegal and without authority of law. The court found that the Regulations of 1980 provided for the constitution of a Board to grant or refuse a certificate of suitability for performances, and that the licensing authority could only grant or refuse a performance license after obtaining such a certificate. However, no Board had been constituted in Delhi, and therefore, the licensing authority had no jurisdiction to insist on an application for a license.

Issues: 1. Whether the provisions of the Delhi Police Act and the Regulations of 1980 infringed the petitioner's fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution. 2. Whether the absence of procedural safeguards, including a right to a hearing and a speaking order, rendered the impugned order illegal. 3. Whether the Deputy Commissioner of Police Licensing had the authority to act as a censor board and refuse a license based on the play's content.

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The right to stage a play is a facet of the freedom of speech and expression guaranteed under Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution. Any restrictions on this right must be reasonable and satisfy the test of reasonableness, both as to substantive provision and procedural part. 2. The Regulations of 1980 provide for the constitution of a Board to grant or refuse a certificate of suitability for performances. The licensing authority can only grant or refuse a performance license after obtaining such a certificate. 3. In the absence of a Board, the licensing authority has no jurisdiction to insist on an application for a license. The requirement of a certificate of suitability from the Board is a condition precedent to the licensing authority's power to grant or refuse a license. 4. The Deputy Commissioner of Police Licensing, being a law and order machinery, is not equipped to make judgments on the suitability of artistic expression. The Board, composed of experts in art, drama, and culture, is better suited to make such judgments.

Final Decision: The court allowed the petition, quashed the impugned order, and held that the petitioner was not required to obtain a license from the licensing authority to stage the play "Bhutto." The court also awarded costs of Rs. 1500 to the petitioner.

Rajindar Sachar

( 1 ) THIS petition challenges the impugned order dated 11-2-1983 passed by the Deputy Commissioner of Police Licensing by which he refused to issue a licence to the petitioner to perform or exhibit the play "bhutto". This order is purported to have been passed in persuance of Regulation 120 of the Regulations known as Licensing and Controlling places of Public Amusement (other than Cinemas) and performances for Public Amusement, 1980 (hereinafter to be called the Regulation of 1980) framed in exercise of powers under Section 28 of Delhi Police Act.

( 2 ) THE Petitioner Society No. I is registered under the Societies Registration Act styled as Ruchika Theatre Group and is engaged in staging plays for amusement and information of general public. The petitioner society decided to stage a play entitled Bhutto which is a satire on the would leaders and heads of government. Though apparently a sensitive topic yet a live democracy has to live with such freedom of expression.

( 3 ) THE petitioner society applied for exemption from entertainment tax. One of the conditions for obtaining grant of such a certificate is that it is on no profit basis. Alongwith an application for exemption, the petitioner had submitted the script of the play. Evidently the entertainment tax officer, Delhi, saw no objection in the script because he granted such a certificate by his letter of 24-9-1982 and communicated it to the petitioner. The play was to be staged from 14th October to 16th October, 1982. However, on 12th October, 1982 respondents wrote to the Sri Ram Centre for Art and Culture authorities directing them not to allow the petitioner to stage the play as no permission has been obtained from the licensing authorities. This was the first information to the petitioner that any objection was being taken. He thereupon went to the Deputy Commissioner s office and came to know of the Regulations of 1980 and moved the application dated 12th October, 1982 seeking the grant of the necessay permission. One would normally have thought that as the play was to be staged on 14th October, 1982 some decision would be taken immediately; but that is not how the bureaucracy moves. That is why we find that on 13th October, 1982 the licensing authorities curtly told the petitioner that its application was being considered and he should not hold the play. To show its annoyance and power a further step was taken when the entertainment tax officer informed the petitioner on 13th October, 1982 that exemption already granted to him has since been withdrawn by the Administrator of Delhi. The Licensing authorities thus had without taking any decision apparently succeeded in their move namely not to permit the staging of the play. The matter was kept hanging and dealt with in a leisurely manner and ultimately the impugned order was passed on 11th February, 1983 by which the permission to issue a licence to perform or exhibit the play has been refused. That is what has made the present petitioner come to this Court impugning the said order.

( 4 ) SECTION 6 of Delhi Police Act, 1978 provides for the direction and supervision of the Polic force in Delhi and empowers the Administrator to appoint a Commissioner of Police who shall exercise and perform such powers and duties and perform such functions as are specified by or under this Act. The result of Commissioner system is that in Delhi many of the powers and functions are performed by the police personnel, not a very confortable situation. Section 28 of Delhi Police Act empowers the Commissioner of Police to make Regulations to provide for the various matters, amongst others, namely;

( 5 ) SUB Clause (i) of Clause (y) of Section 28 (1) provides for licensing or controlling in the interest of public order decency or morality or in the interest of the general public, theatrical or other performances for public amusement.

( 5 ) SIMILARLY Sub-clause (iii) of Clause (y) lays down for prior scrutiny of such performa






















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