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1979 Supreme(Del) 92

High Court Of Delhi
SHIL UTPAL - Appellant
Versus
HARI CHAND - Respondent
SECOND APPEAL 122 of 1978
Decided On : 04/25/1979

Advocates Appeared:
G.L.Seth, P.S.MAHENDRA

The cause of action for eviction under clause (h) of sub-sec. (1) of sec. 14 of the Delhi Rent Control Act, 1958 arises when the tenant acquires vacant possession of a residential accommodation, and it is not necessary that such acquisition must continue to exist when the tenancy is being terminated or an application for eviction is made.

Headnote:

RENT CONTROL ACT - EVICTION - GROUNDS - ACQUISITION OF VACANT POSSESSION OF RESIDENTIAL ACCOMMODATION - SECTION 14(1)(H) - DELHI RENT CONTROL ACT, 1958 - INTERPRETATION - CAUSE OF ACTION - WHEN ARISES - CONTINUANCE OF CAUSE OF ACTION TILL FILING OF EVICTION PETITION OR TILL ORDER OF EVICTION IS PASSED - DISTINCTION BETWEEN CAUSE OF ACTION AND RELIEF CLAIMED - RELIEF TO BE CONFINED TO MATTERS EXISTING AT THE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF ACTION - EXCEPTIONAL CASES WHERE SUBSEQUENT EVENTS MAY BE CONSIDERED - NATURE OF CAUSE OF ACTION UNDER SECTION 14(1)(H) - COMPLETED ACT OR STATE - AVAILABILITY OF VACANT RESIDENCE NOT ESSENTIAL - CAUSE OF ACTION NOT DEFEATED BY SUBSEQUENT EVENTS UNLESS TENANT PROVES HE NEVER BUILT OR ACQUIRED RESIDENCE OR WAS ALLOTTED RESIDENCE OR LANDLORD ESTOPPED - PURPOSE OF PROTECTION TO TENANTS - PROTECTION ONCE LOST CANNOT BE REVIVED BY TENANT - DELAY BY LANDLORD MAY DEFEAT ACTION IF HE LACKS BONA FIDES OR BARRED BY ESTOPPEL - ALLOTMENT OF RESIDENCE TO ONE OF SEVERAL INHERITORS - OTHER INHERITORS ALSO ENTITLED TO BENEFIT OF ALLOTMENT - VALIDITY OF NOTICES - SERVICE OF NOTICES - REFUSAL OF SERVICE EQUIVALENT TO SERVICE - STATUTORY PERIOD OF FIFTEEN DAYS FOR VACATING PREMISES.

Fact of the Case:

Tenant Brij Mohan died on April 7, 1972, leaving behind his widow and four sons, who succeeded to the tenancy rights. Landlord Hari Chand filed an eviction petition on April 4, 1974, against them under clauses (e) and (h) of sub-sec. (1) of sec. 14 of the Delhi Rent Control Act, 1958. The Rent Controller dismissed the petition, but the Rent Control Tribunal allowed the landlord to succeed on the ground of bonafide personal requirement. The tenants appealed.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the landlord had a bonafide requirement for the premises and that he was entitled to evict the tenants on that ground. The court also found that the tenants had acquired vacant possession of a residential accommodation after the commencement of the Act, which was a ground for eviction under clause (h) of sub-sec. (1) of sec. 14 of the Act.

Issues: 1. Whether the landlord had a bonafide requirement for the premises? 2. Whether the tenants had acquired vacant possession of a residential accommodation after the commencement of the Act?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the landlord had a bonafide requirement for the premises because he had a growing family and needed more accommodation. The court also found that the landlord had let out the ground floor portion of the premises, which was more suitable for him, in order to earn higher rent. 2. The court held that the tenants had acquired vacant possession of a residential accommodation after the commencement of the Act when a D.D.A. residential flat was allotted to the deceased tenant, Brij Mohan, and his survivors took possession of the flat in 1972.

Final Decision: The court dismissed the appeal and upheld the impugned judgment.

M. L. Jain J.

( 1 ) TENANT Brij Mohan died on April 7, 1972? leaving behind the respondents, namely? his widow Sheel Utpal, and four sons, who succeeded to the tenancy rights. An eviction petition was filed on April 4, 1974, against them by their landlord Hari Chand under clauses (e) and (h) of sub-sec. (1) of sec. 14 of the Delhi Rent Control Act, 1958, (hereinafter the Act ). It was alleged that the tenancy commenced on the 1st day of each calendar month and was terminated by a notice dated March 13, 1974. Brij Mohan was allotted after commencement of the Act a residential flat in Janakpuri by the Delhi Development Authority of which the respondents got a vacant possession in 1972. The petitioner also required the disputed premises for his own use and occupation and for the use and occupation of the members of his family dependent upon him. The petitioner was living on the Barsati with seven members who have by now grown up. He, therefore, was is need of the first floor accommodation and did not own any other residential accommodation. The tenants contend that the Janakpuri flat had been alloted only to one of the respondents, namely, Mrs. Sheel Utpal, after the death of her husband, the original allottee. That too was let out long back without any objection from the landlord in 1972 itself and was no more available to them for occupation. The landlord was living on the second floor when he let out the premises in dispute to Brij Mohan. He has since then added two halls besides kitchen, latrine, bath-room etc. The petitioner has been letting out one of his flats on the ground floor both before and after the institution of the eviction petition. An objection was also taken with regard to the validity of the notice.

( 2 ) THE learned Rent Controller held that the tenancy had been terminated by service of a valid notice. He further held that the acquisition of the flat in Janakpuri was only by one of the co-tenants and therefore, it could not provide a sufficient ground for eviction against the remaining co-tenants. found that his children have now grown up. As a matter of fact, the landlord filed the petition after he had let out the ground floor portion which had fallen vacant before the institution of the present petition. He was, therefore, of the view that it was not correct to say that the landlord had no other reasonably suitable accommodation and dismissed the petition.

( 3 ) UPON appeal, the learned Rent Control Tribunal upheld the finding that the ground under cl. (h) was not available upon the same reasoning as that of the learned Rent Controller. The learned Tribunal, however, allowed the landlord to succeed on the ground of bonafide personal requirment. The learned Tribunal staled that soon after the construction of the house in 1967, the landlord shifted to the top second floor while he let the ground floor and the first floor to different tenants because at that time his children were young and he coul manage with a Barsati, but now he felt the need for more accommodation for his growing family. He no doubt let out the portion of the ground floor before the filing of the first eviction petition inorder to have rental income on higher rent which he had a right to do. Even during the appeal, a portion of the ground floor had fallen vacant and the landlord let out the same at a higher rate. But, the flat on the ground floor did not suit the need of the landlord as he could not split up his family, some living on the ground floor and the others on the second floor. The first floor was, therefore, more convenient to him as as it was the closest to the portion already in his possession. The desire on the part of the landlord to have more rental incoms in the circumstances of the case was not considered malafide. "the opinion of the learned Tribunal was also influenced by the provision in sec. 19 of the Act that if the landlord did not occupy the premises in dispute for his own residence and let them out to earn more re








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