High Court Of Delhi
PREM SINGH - Appellant
Versus
TIKA RAM - Respondent
REGULAR FIRST APPEAL 74-D of 1957
Decided On : 03/08/1967
FATAL ACCIDENTS ACT, 1855 - SECTION 1 - DAMAGES - PECUNIARY LOSS - ESTIMATION - FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED.
Fact of the Case:
Parkash, a student of Delhi Polytechnic, was killed in an accident caused by the rash and negligent driving of a truck. His parents filed a suit under the Fatal Accidents Act, 1855, claiming damages for the loss of pecuniary benefit they would have derived from him had he not died.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the parents were entitled to damages for the loss of pecuniary benefit they would have derived from their son had he not died. The court estimated the pecuniary loss at Rs. 9,000.00, taking into account the deceased's age, education, earning potential, and life expectancy.
Issues: 1. Whether the parents had locus standi to file the suit under the Fatal Accidents Act, 1855. 2. Whether the accident was caused by the rash and negligent driving of the truck driver. 3. Whether the parents had suffered any pecuniary loss due to the death of their son. 4. If so, what was the extent of the pecuniary loss.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the parents had locus standi to file the suit under the Fatal Accidents Act, 1855, as the Act allows parents to claim damages for the loss of pecuniary benefit they would have derived from their deceased child. The court also held that the accident was caused by the rash and negligent driving of the truck driver, as there was evidence that the truck was being driven at a high speed and without due care and attention. The court further held that the parents had suffered pecuniary loss due to the death of their son, as they could have reasonably expected to receive financial support from him in the future. The court estimated the pecuniary loss at Rs. 9,000.00, taking into account the deceased's age, education, earning potential, and life expectancy.
Final Decision: The court allowed the parents' suit for damages and awarded them Rs. 9,000.00 as compensation for the pecuniary loss they had suffered due to the death of their son.
( 1 ) ON May 4, 1957, Shri J. M. Tandon, Subordinate Judge, First Class, Delhi, passed a decree for Rs. 15,000. 00 with proportionate costs in favour of Tika Ram and his wife, Mrs. Vidya Vati. Kartar Singh, Prem Singh and the Premier Life and General Insurance Company Limited, New Delhi, against whom the decree was passed, filed this regular first appeal.
( 2 ) THE facts of the case are not disputed. On June 8, 1953, Parkash and his brother Manohar Lal were going to Badarpur Railway Station from a school for blind persons, situated at Lal Kuan. Manohar Lal being blind, he was being led by his elder brother Parkash. When they were near Prahladpur, between Faridabad and Lal Kuan, truck No. DLH-6838, belonging to Kartar Singh and Prem Singh, came from the back side and knocked down Parkash The truck was being driven by Prem Singh. After the accident, Parkash was removed. in the same truck to Safdarjang Hospital, where on the same day he succumbed to his injuries. Under the Fatal Accidents Act. 1855 (hereinafter referred to as "the Act") and on the allegation that the truck was being driven rashly and negligently without any regard to the rules of the road, the parents, brothers and sisters of the deceased instituted a suit for recovering Rs. 40,000. 00, as damages, from the owners of the truck the driver and the Insurance Company with which that vehicle was insured. After holding that Tika Ram and Mrs. Vidya Vati had each suffered a loss to the extent of Rs. 7,500. 00 the Subordinate Judge, as stated above, passed a decree for Rs. 15,000. 00 only.
( 3 ) THE following issues were framed in the case: 1. Whether Sri Parkash deceased died as a result of injury received by him on account of the rash and negligent driving of truck No. DLH 6838 by defendant No. 2 as alleged in para. 2 of the plaint ? 2. Whether the accident had occurred as a result of contributory negligence of Sri Parkash deceased and Manobar Lal plaintiff No. 3 ? 3. Whether the plaintiffs have a locus standii to file the present suit ? 4. To what damages, if any, are the plaintiffs entitled ? 5. What is the liability of defendant No. 3 ? 6. Relief. Issue No. I was decided in favour of the respodents. Regarding issue No. 3 it was held that only the parents had locus standii to claim damages as under the Act a suit can be for the benefit of the parents but not for the benefit of the brothers and sisters. Issue No. 2 was found against the appellants. On issue Nos. 4 and 5, findings were given that Tikka Ram and Mrs. Vidya Vati were each entitled to Rs. 7,500,- by way of damages and that the insurance Company was also liable.
( 4 ) MR. A. N. Monga, learned counsel for the appellants, did not dispute the findings on issues other than the issue relating to the quantum of damages. It was contended by him that the deceased being a student of Delhi Polytechnic and his parents being fairly well-to-do, there was no possibility of the parents deriving any pecuniary benefit from the deceased even if he had not died as a result of the accident. In any case, it was urged that the amount allowed was excessive.
( 5 ) WE are unable to agree with the contention of Mr. Monga that even if Parkash had not died as a result of the accident his father and mother could not possibly have derived any pecuniary benefit from him. The parents could have reasonably expected pecuniary benefit if the deceased. had not been killed. It has, therefore, to be seen whether the estimate of the loss of pecuniary benefit made by the learned Subordinate Judge is excessive.
( 6 ) IN Gobald Motor Service Limited v. R. M. K. Veluswami1, it was observed by the Supreme Court that the actual extent of the pecuniary loss may depend upon data which cannot be ascertained accurately, but must necessarily be an estimate, or even partly a conjecture;
( 7 ) THE data available in this case and on the basis of which estimation of the pecuniary loss to the respondents can be made is as under : (a) Parkash was,
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