High Court Of Delhi
NIRANJAN DASS - Appellant
Versus
GULZARI LAL - Respondent
First Appeal Order 158 of 1963
Decided On : 03/14/1967
MOTOR VEHICLES ACT - [SECTION 110-A, 110-B, 110-C, 110-D, 110-E, 110-F, 110-G, 110-H, 110-I, 110-J, 110-K, 110-L, 110-M, 110-N, 110-O, 110-P, 110-Q, 110-R, 110-S, 110-T, 110-U, 110-V, 110-W, 110-X, 110-Y, 110-Z] - INSURANCE - [RULE 4, 5(1), 5(2)] - NEGLIGENCE - LIABILITY OF INSURANCE COMPANY - DUTY OF CARE - STANDARD OF CARE - BURDEN OF PROOF - DAMAGES - QUANTUM - ASSESSMENT - JUDICIAL RECORDS - PREPARATION AND PRESERVATION - DUTY OF PRESIDING OFFICERS.
Fact of the Case:
A scooter driven by Gulzari Lal and a motor rickshaw driven by Santokh Singh collided in Chandni Chowk, Delhi, resulting in injuries to Niranjan Dass, who was a passenger in the scooter. Niranjan Dass filed a claim for compensation against the owners and drivers of both vehicles, as well as the insurance company that insured the motor rickshaw. The Tribunal dismissed the claim, finding that the accident was not caused by the negligence of either driver and that the motor rickshaw was not insured on the date of the accident.
Finding of the Court:
The High Court held that both drivers were negligent and responsible for the accident. The Court also found that the motor rickshaw was insured on the date of the accident and that the insurance company was liable to indemnify the injured party. The Court awarded Niranjan Dass damages of Rs. 5,500.
Issues: 1. Whether the accident was caused by the negligence of the drivers of the scooter and the motor rickshaw? 2. Whether the motor rickshaw was insured on the date of the accident? 3. Whether the insurance company was liable to indemnify the injured party? 4. What amount of damages should be awarded to the injured party?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The duty of care owed by drivers of vehicles in a crowded locality like Chandni Chowk is to move with due care and caution to avoid untoward incidents. 2. The burden of proof lies on the insurance company to prove that the vehicle was not insured on the date of the accident. 3. An insurance company is liable to indemnify the injured party if the vehicle causing the accident was insured with the company on the date of the accident. 4. The quantum of damages awarded to an injured party in a motor accident case should be fair and appropriate, taking into account factors such as permanent disability, pain and suffering, loss of enjoyment of life, incapacity of work, and shortened expectation of life.
Final Decision: The High Court allowed the appeal, set aside the judgment and decree of the Tribunal, and granted Niranjan Dass a decree for Rs. 5,500 with proportionate costs.
( 2 ) NIRANJAN Dass petitioner-appellant along with his wife came to Delhi from Ambala in a bus on 17. 8. 1958 and after getting down near the Delhi Railway Station, he hired a scooter No. DLD 6870 owned by Harbans Lal, respondent No. 2 and driven by Gulzari Lal No. 1, an employee of the owner, for carrying the appellant to New Delhi. The scooter was driven from Delhi Railway Statian towards the Fountain of the Chandni Chowk and on towards the Red Fort. While proceeding in Chandni Chowk a four-seater motor rickshaw No. D. L. C. 5427 driven by Santokh Singh, respondent No. 3, and owned by Teja Singh, respondent No 4 which was coming rashly and negligently from the opposite direction of Red Fort towards the Fountain, dashed against the right side of the scooter driven by Gulzari Lal in which the appellant and his wife were seated. On account of this collision, the appellant received multiple injuries. This accident, according to the appellant, was due to the fact that both the vehicles, in question were driven negligently and without due care and caution in a crowded street like Chandni Chowk. The claim was of course filed after the prescribed period of limitation but this point has not been canvassed and, therefore, it does not survive for any discussion.
( 3 ) THE claim was resisted by the respondents and the pleadings of the parties gave rise to the following issues : 1. Whether respondent No. 2 was the owner of the scooter No. DLD 6870 when the accident occurred ? 2. Whether the scooter No. D. L. D. 6870 was driven by respondent No. 1 during the course of his employment or control of respondent No. 27 3. Whether accident took place on. account of the negligence of respondents Nos. 1 and 3 ; if so, of which of them ? 4. To what amount of compensation the petitioner is entitled to and from whom ? 5. Whether the vehicle No D. L. C. 5427 belonging to respondent No. 3 was insured with respondent No. 5 at the time of accident ? It may be pointed out that Messrs. Premier Insurance Company, Ltd. , respondent No. 5, was impleaded on the ground of being the insurers of the two vehicles in respect of third party risk. Issues Nos. 1 and 2 were conceded before the Tribunal by means of a statement dated 24. 5. 1963 and were, therefore, decided against respondents Nos. 1 and 2 Under issue No. 5, it was found that vehicle No D. L. C. 5427 owned by Teja Singh and driven by Santokh Singh was not insured on the date of the accident though it was insured with the insurer, respondent No. 5, right from 148. 1956 to 13. 8. 57 and then again up to 13. 8. 1958. After a gap of four days, this four seater motor rickshaw was again insured with the same insurer with effect from 18. 8. 58 to 17. 8. 1959. Under issue No. 3, the Tribunal found itself unable to hold that the accident was caused due to rash and negligent driving of Gulzari Lal or Santokh Singh. Santokh Singh and Gulzari Lal, according to the learned Tribunal, tried to shift the blame on each other and there being no independent evidence which, in the view of the Tribunal, must have been available in a busy place like Chandni Chowk in support of rash and negligent driving either of the one or the other driver, the Tribunal felt that it was not possible to come to a satisfactory finding on this issue. The only evidence, according to the impugned order, is of the appellant and of his wife Mrs. Vishan Devi. Mrs. Vishan Devi, according to the Tribunal, did not say anything about the negligent or rash driving of Gulzari Lal and she merely stated that the accident had taken place due to t
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