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2014 Supreme(Del) 1303

High Court of Delhi
MANMOHAN SINGH, J.
Sandeep Jaidka
Versus
Mukesh Mittal & Another
I.A. No. 15260 of 2010 in CS(OS) No. 1900 of 2010
Decided on : 09-05-2014

Advocates appeared:
For the Plaintiff:Pratibha M. Singh, Sr. Adv. with Swathi Sukumar, Anu Paarcha, Anusuya Mehrotra Suhasini, Advocates.
For the Defendants:M.K. Miglani, with Gaurav Miglani, Aayushmaan Gauba, Advocates.

Headnote:

PATENT - INFRINGEMENT - INTERIM INJUNCTION - BALANCE OF CONVENIENCE - PATENT NOT USED COMMERCIALLY - NO PRIMA FACIE CASE - INJUNCTION REFUSED.

Fact of the Case:

Plaintiff, the holder of a patent for a device producing heating, cooling and aromatic effects corresponding to the scene appearing in a movie, filed a suit against the defendants for permanent injunction restraining infringement of its patent. The defendants were manufacturing and supplying 4D theatre equipment and supplying the infringing 4D theatre equipment to defendant No.1. The plaintiff alleged that the defendants were wilfully infringing the patent by introducing in their 4D theatre a device/system which produces aromatic/heating, cooling and other effects corresponding to the scene appearing in a movie, thus infringing plaintiff’s patent. The defendants denied the infringement and filed a counterclaim for revocation of the patent.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the plaintiff had not made out a prima facie case for grant of injunction. The patent had not been used commercially by the plaintiff and there was no evidence of any actual use of the patented invention in India. The defendants had raised a triable and credible challenge to the patent which raised trial disputes. The balance of convenience was in favour of the defendants as they had been manufacturing and supplying equipments since 2003 and had made considerable investment for the same. The court refused to grant an injunction and directed the defendants to furnish quarterly statement of account, file an undertaking to pay damages if found liable for infringement, and deposit a sum of rupees five lacs as security.

Issues: 1. Whether the theatre run by defendant No.1 employs the technology covered by the plaintiff’s patent No. 231895 and infringes plaintiff’s patent? 2. Whether the counter claim filed by defendant No.2 is maintainable? 3. Whether the suit patent is obvious and lacks inventive steps within the meaning of Patents Act, 1970? 4. Whether the suit patent is liable to be revoked on the grounds stated in the counter claim? 5. Whether the plaintiff is entitled to damages or rendition of accounts?

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the grant of an injunction is a discretionary remedy and the court must consider the balance of convenience and the irreparable injury that may be caused to the parties. In the present case, the plaintiff had not made out a prima facie case for grant of injunction as the patent had not been used commercially and there was no evidence of any actual use of the patented invention in India. The defendants had raised a triable and credible challenge to the patent which raised trial disputes. The balance of convenience was in favour of the defendants as they had been manufacturing and supplying equipments since 2003 and had made considerable investment for the same. Therefore, the court refused to grant an injunction.

Final Decision: The court refused to grant an injunction and directed the defendants to furnish quarterly statement of account, file an undertaking to pay damages if found liable for infringement, and deposit a sum of rupees five lacs as security.

Judgment :

Manmohan Singh, J.

1. By this order, I propose to decide the pending application under Order 39 Rule 1 and 2 CPC being I.A. No.15260/2010 filed by the plaintiff.

2. The present suit has been filed by the plaintiff against the defendants for permanent injunction restraining infringement of its registered patent bearing No.231895 (hereinafter referred to as the “said patent”). The said patent is registered in respect of device for producing heating, cooling and aromatic effects (hereinafter referred to as the “said product”). It is the case of the plaintiff that the defendants are wilfully infringing that said patent i.e. by introducing in their 4D theatre a device/system which produces aromatic/heating, cooling and other effects corresponding to the scene appearing in a movie, thus infringing plaintiff’s patent and as a result of these acts of wilful infringement, the plaintiff is suffering grave, irreparable loss and damage.

3. Case of the plaintiff

(i) The plaintiff is an innovator in the field of electronics and has several patents to his credit. The plaintiff invented a novel system i.e. device which produces heating, cooling and aromatic effects corresponding to the scene appearing in a movie. Such effects are commonly termed as ‘4D’ effects. He was granted the said patent in India on 13th March, 2009 for such a system. The invention of the plaintiff is a combination of a hardware and software, which together are designed to control and synchronise the movie played for a multi-sensory show.

(ii) The effects are achieved by:

(a) Playing the movie,

(b) Recording certain codes (which represent special effects such as rain, wind effect, animal etc.) against each desired scene on the film (the movie film) using timeline/digital coding system,

(c) Fixing special device (such as spray unit with nozzle at the back of the chair, wind effect producing unit in surrounding/environment of the theatre etc.) and synchronizing these systems to provide special effects corresponding to the scene appearing in the movie,

(d) Playing the recorded special effects synchronized with the desired scene in the movie, and

(e) At appropriate/precise time, activating the effects already encoded on the film using an electronic decoder/micro-controller as also activating the movie control system so that the viewer gets a multi-sensory effect while watching a movie

(iii) Claim 1 of the plaintiff’s patent reads as follows:

“1. A device for producing heating/cooling/aromatic effects of at least one of waterfall, rain, garden, mountains, desert, animals, kitchen and river scenes while viewing a picture, an advertisement or playing amusement games in a cinema hall/open theater/TV comprising:

movie film/video tape/disc recorded with coded signals such as herein described for producing effects of at least one of waterfall, rain, garden, mountain, desert, kitchen and river scenes of advertisements, said coded signals either recorded separately or embedded on the sound signals;

an electronic decoder for decoding said signals when said effect is to be expressed or a particular scene appears; and

actuating means connected to an output of the electronic decoder for releasing gas/perfumes or energizing heating/cooling means to produce the desired effects corresponding to the scene appearing on a scene of the cinema hall/open theater/TV.”

4. The plaintiff is also the holder of a corresponding patent in USA, bearing US 6,152,829 granted on 28th November, 2000. Specific statement is made in the plaint that the product of the plaintiff became very popular. It received wide acclaim and was lauded by various newspapers and magazines.

5. Case set up by the plaintiff against the defendants is that in November 2009, the plaintiff learnt about the defendants. The defendant No.1 is the owner of a 4D Theatre located called “funvilla” within the Metro Walk Mall, Rohini. Defendant No. 2 is the manufacturer and supplier of 4D Theatre equipment and supplying the







































































































































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