PRADEEP NANDRAJOG, J.

1. We shall be referring to the parties by their nomenclature in the suit. The appellants are the plaintiffs. The respondents are the defendants. The dispute before the learned Single Judge concerned photocopying of pages from the copyrighted publications of the plaintiffs; namely (i) Oxford University Press; (ii) Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom; (iii) Cambridge University Press India Pvt. Ltd.; (iv) Taylor & Francis Group, U.K.; and (v) Taylor & Francis Books India Pvt. Ltd. The first defendant : Rameshwari Photocopy Services has a shop licensed to it within the precincts of the Delhi School of Economics (University of Delhi). Albeit with an initial denial by the University of Delhi, the ultimate picture which emerged was that the professors imparting teaching in the Delhi School of Economics had authorized preparation of course packs and Rameshwari Photocopy Services was entrusted with the task of photocopying the pages from the books published by the plaintiffs, and after binding the same, to supply them to the students charging 50 paisa per page. Though not a part of the pleadings of the parties, access to the website of the plaintiffs gives valuable data concerning the number of pages comprising the publications, the price thereof in the paper back edition as also the hardcover edition. The number of pages copied and bound in the course pack have been pleaded in the plaint and therefore mixing the information available on the website with the one pleaded in the plaint, reduced in a statement form, pertaining to the four course pack prepared, the data would be as under:-

Course Pack I

(i) Transforming India : Social and Political dynamics of Democracy (456 pages; 36 pages copied constituting 7.89%; publisher Oxford University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 495, Hard bound Rs. 6220)

(ii) The BJP and Compulsions of Politics in India (402 pages; 26 pages copied constituting 6.46%; publisher Oxford University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 19,068, Hard bound Data N/A)

(iii) Parties and Party Politics in India (584 pages; 33 pages copied constituting 0.05%; publisher Oxford University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 534, Hard bound Rs. 8020)

(iv) Ethno-nationalism in India: A Reader (576 pages; 36 pages copied constituting 6.25%; publisher Oxford University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 445, Hard bound Rs. 15,889)

(v) Nehru and the Language Politics of India : (280 pages; 27 pages copied constituting 9.64%; publisher Oxford University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 650, Hard bound Data N/A)

(vi) The Political Economy of Federalism in India : (432 pages; 14 pages copied constituting 3.24%; publisher Oxford University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 1304, Hard bound Rs. 3487)

(vii) Politics in India : (618 pages; 19 pages copied constituting 3.07%; publisher Oxford University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 595, Hard bound Data N/A)

(viii) The Production of Hindu-Muslim Violence in Contemporary India : (500 pages; 21 pages copied constituting 4.2%; publisher Oxford University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 2364, Hard bound Rs. 6210)

(ix) The New Cambridge History of India (IV) The Politics of India since independence (428 pages; 21 pages copied constituting 4.9%; publisher Cambridge University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 3918, Hard bound Data N/A)

Course Pack II

(i) The New Cambridge History of India III : 4 Ideologies of the Raj : (256 pages; 32 pages copied constituting 12.5%; publisher Cambridge University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 2750, Hard bound Data N/A)

(ii) Capitalism : A Very Short Introduction : (160 pages; 48 pages copied constituting 30%; publisher Cambridge University Press; Approximate Price : Paper Back Rs. 225, Hard bound Data N/A)

(iii) Post-Colonialism : An Historical Introduction (512 pages; 57 pages copied constituting 11.1%; publisher Oxford University Press; Approxi