( 1 ) THIS petition under Article 227 of the Constitution is directed against the order of the First Labour Court Ahmedabad dated 28 August 1961 under which the petitioners application under sec. 33-C (2) of the Industrial Disputes Act 1947 (hereinafter referred to as the Act) has been dismissed. The short facts which have given rise to this petition are as under :-The petitioner is an oilman working in the Power House run by the respondent No. 1 Vadnagar Municipality which is a District Municipality governed by the Bombay District Municipal Act 1901 thereinafter referred to as the Municipal Act ). The respondent No. 1 on 2 July 1949 entered into a settlement under the Act during conciliation proceedings under which the salaries of the workmen including the petitioner were revised with effect from 1st July 1959. As the petitioner was not paid the revised wages from 1st July 1959 to 30th September 1959 the petitioner applied to the Labour Court under section 33-C clause (2) of the Act to compute the benefit to which he was entitled under the said settlement and to issue the requisite recovery certificate. The Labour Court has dismissed the said application on the ground that in view of the proviso (a) to section 46 of the Municipal Act the settlement was not enforceable unless it was approved by the Commissioner as in effect it altered he existing rules. The petitioner has therefore challenged the said order in the present petition.

( 2 ) THE short point which arises in this petition is whether the said settlement is enforceable without the approval of the Divisional Commissioner. Section 46 of the Municipal Act provides that every Municipality shall make and may from time to time alter or rescind rules but not so as to render them inconsistent with the Act (b) determining (ii) the staff of officers and servants to be employed by the Municipality and the respective designations duties salaries fees or other allowances of such officers and servants and the powers and duties delegated to them under section 37. Then proviso (a) provides that no rule made or alteration or rescission of a rule made under this section shall have effect unless and until it has been approved in the case of City Municipalities by the State Government or in other cases by the Commissioner. It is not in dispute that the present Municipality is not a City Municipality and so for the alteration of any rule made under section 46 of the Act the approval of the Commissioner would be required. The Labour Court has come to the conclusion that when a settlement was made revising the salaries in sub stance and effect the rules regarding the salaries of the servants would be altered and such an alteration could not be done without the approval of the Commissioner. On that ground the Labour Court has held that the settlement in question was unenforceable. The Labour Court has not properly considered the scope and effect of the two relevant Acts. The Municipal Act deals with municipal affairs and the relevant rules which are to be provided for the municipal servants or the contracts which have to be entered into would have to be done as provided under the Municipal Act. But the Municipal Act does not deal with sphere of industrial disputes. This field is occupied by the Act. Therefore when the first contract of employment was made or the initial rules were made the matter would be governed by the Municipal Act. But after the workmen raised an industrial dispute for changing their existing conditions of employment the matter would be entirely governed by the Act which provides for settlement of industrial disputes by changing modifying or altering the existing conditions of service whether under a contract or under a rule. When therefore an industrial dispute arises the matter would have to be dealt with by the industrial law and the matter would be resolved by an industrial settlement or an award as the case may be. The two fields are thus totally dist