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1972 Supreme(Guj) 102

Gujarat High Court
Judgename :D.P.DESAI, P.D.DESAI
FATEHSING DAHYABHAI PARMAR - Appellant
Versus
STATE - Respondent
CRIMINAL APPEAL 591 of 1971
Decided On : 10/19/1972

Advocates Appeared: B.J.SHELAT, G.A.MEHTA, K.M.CHHAYA

Headnote:Evidence Act, 1872-Sec. 27-Principle of cause & effect.

       The principle of cause and effect must be applied to decide the question of admissibility of the information given by an accused person who is in custody of the police, and if it is found on application of this principle that the material fact was discovered in consequence of the information given by the accused, that information become admissible in evidence.

D. P. DESAI, P. D. DESAI, J.

( 1 ) IT is therefore clearly established that at three stages after the appellant surrendered himself into police custody he made statements containing substantially the same information with regard to the fact that he had concealed the dead body of the deceased Raijibhai in a drum containing rice in his house; and that brings us to the question of law raised by Mr. Shelat. For this purpose we may recapitulate the three statements attributed to the appellant which according to the findings given by us were made by the appellant. The first statement was:- His dead body I have packed in a bundle and have kept in a drum in my house and on the same (I) have kept rice. The second statement made before the P. S. T. in the morning was to the effect that he was willing to show the dead body of the deceased Raijibhai Somabhai which he had packed in a quilt and had concealed in a drum of rice in his house. The words in his house are not to be found in the English memorandum of evidence of the P. S. 1. at Exh. 24. But they are to be found in the Gujarati record of the evidence of that witness. The third statement is to be found in the Panchnama Exh. 11 the contents of which are sworn to be correct by the Panch witness Akbarali Yasinmiya Exh. 10. That statement is in Gujarati and reads:- ** ** ** ** ** When translated it would read:- I have wrapped the dead body in Dhoti and quilt packed it in a bundle (and have) kept (it) in an iron drum containing rice and having filled (the drum with) rice the lid is fitted with dung which drum would show and would also point out voluntarily the dead body in it.

( 2 ) THE information that the dead body was concealed in a drum containing rice in the house of the appellant contained in these three different statements made by the appellant at different times is substantially the same. The contention however is that before making of the second and the third statements the fact that the dead body was concealed by the appellant in a drum in his house was already known to the police as a result of the first statement. Therefore runs the argument the second and the third statements are not admissible in evidence. It is this question of law which we are called upon to decide in this case. It has become necessary for us to decide this question because as a corollary to the above argument it was urged that the recovery of the dead body was the consequence of the third statement only and therefore neither the first nor the second statement was admissible in evidence. This argument is based on sec. 27 of the Indian Evidence Act which may be reproduced:-27 Provided that when any fact is deposed to as discovered in consequence of formation received from a person accused of any offence in the custody of a police officer so much of such information whether it amounts to a confession or not as relates distinctly to the fact thereby discovered may be provedin support of this contention five decisions have been relied upon on behalf of the appellant. The first is Public Prosecutor v. Subba Reddi A. I. R. 1939 Madras 15. In fact in the remaining four decisions the observations made in this Madras case have been implicitly followed. In that case the evidence was that two Panch witnesses were sent for by the police and after their arrival at the police station the accused was brought out by the Circle Inspector in their presence. From this act of the Circle Inspector in bringing out the accused from the lockup it was inferred that this act was done because the Circle Inspector knew before hand precisely what the accused was going to say. With very great respect this is too broad an observation to be applicable to each and every case. The learned Judges said with regard to the P. S. I. His procuring the presence of P. Ws. 15 and 16 and three others who signed the Mahazar Ex. G. 2 was a mere farce. It is impossible to say that anything was discovered in consequence of the statement made by the res










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