( 1 ) FROM the above facts it becomes clear that the petitioner had remained absent without leave for 150 days. Being absent without leave is certainly a misconduct for which the petitioner can be visited with one of the penalties including the penalty of removal or dismissal. The question however is whether the penalty of dismissal inflicted on the petitioner is commensurate with the established guilt.

( 2 ) WHEN an authority is conferred with the power to inflict one of the several penalties such as caution or censure reprimand extra drill or duty fine stoppage of increments reduction in rank removal or dismissal it is obvious that the authority must give a serious thought to the question of choice of penalty. The choice cannot the arbitrary but arbitrary on the nature of misconduct established in a given case. Just as a road roller cannot be brought to crush a fly so also the extreme penalty of dismissal cannot be inflicted for misconduct which is not equally grave. The consequence of removal or dismissal from service are severe sometimes the entire family is ruined because another job or work may not be easy to find and therefore it is all the more necessary that the punishment of removal/dismissal should be invoked sparingly and in cases which can be discoursed as gross such as receiving illegal gratification misappropriation or defalcation of public funds behaviour which is morally reprehensible gross abuse or misuse of authority etc. However if a policeman remains absent without leave it certainty has an adverse effect on a disciplined force which can be remedied by imposing a lighter. penalty such as withholding of increments or the like. Even thereafter if he does not show improvement in future and commits a similar violation of the conduct rules he can be visited with a harsher penalty and ultimately if need be removal from service also. It is however necessary that before the extreme penalty is imposed he is given are opportunity to improve by imposing a lighter penalty which would no doubt pinch him but not ruin him. If a bread winner is deprived of a job be misconduct or remaining absent without leave it is not only he who suffers on that account but the entire family faces economic ruination. It is therefore necessary that the authority which is charged with the duty to select the punishment to be imposed on a delinquent for proved misconduct must weigh all these pros and cons and after a serious application of mind decide on the punishment which can be substantiated as commensurate or proportionate to the established guilt. In R. M. Parmar v. Gujarat Electricity Board Baroda 23 G. L. R. 352 it was observed that in order not to attract the charge of arbitrariness it has to be ensured that the penalty imposed is commensurate with the magnitude of the fault. When penalties of different categories can be imposed in respect of alleged fault the disciplinary authority per force is required to consult himself for selecting the most appropriate penalty from out of the range of penalties available having regard to the nature extent and gravity of the default. These observations were approved by a Division Bench in G. S. R. T. C. v. Jamnadas Becharbhai 23 G. L. R. 557 There can therefore be no doubt that the authority conferred with the power to impose penalty is charged with a delicate and difficult duty which must be discharged with due care and caution in a responsible matter. Even in a disciplined force different categories of punishments have been provided which make it clear that the extreme penalty of removal/dismissal from service can be imposed only if the misconduct is so gross that the employee cannot be tolerated in service and his presence would have a deleterious effect on his colleagues.

( 3 ) IN the instant case no punishment was imposed on the petitioner for remaining absent without leave in the past. He remained absent without obtaining leave from the disciplinary authority. That means th