D. M. DHARMADHIKARI, D. A. MEHTA, J.

( 1 ) IN these three Petitions pertaining to election to Federal-cum-Specified Cooperative Societies of Siddhpur and Patan Talukas, a common question of law has been raised and therefore they are being decided by this Common Judgment.

( 2 ) THIS would require examination of the scheme of the Gujarat Cooperative Societies Act, 1961 and the Rules framed thereunder (hereinafter referred to as `the Act and `the Rules) as also the bye-laws of the two Taluka Societies - Siddhpur and Patan, before us.

( 3 ) ONLY few necessary facts are required to be stated at the outset. In the year 1997, the Revenue Department of the State of Gujarat bifurcated certain Districts and Talukas by creating new Districts and new Talukas. Under the aforesaid bifurcation, the State Government created a new District Patan carving out some villages from Mehsana District. The State Government also excluded some of the villages forming part of Siddhpur Revenue Taluka and included them in a newly formed Unjha Taluka. As a result of this bifurcation for creation of new District and Talukas, 27 primary societies affiliated to Siddhpur Taluka Cooperative Society, now fall within the

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