2013 Supreme(Gau) 825
Gauhati High Court
K. Sreedhar Rao, P.K. Saikia, JJ.
Kartik Chakraborty and Ors - Appellant
Versus
State of Assam - Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 7 and 8 of 2008
Decided On : 12-12-2013
For the appellants : Mr. B.K. Mahajan
For the respondent: Ms. S. Jahan
Headnote:
Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 120B/460/302 r/w 34 - Criminal procedure Code, 1973 - Section 164 - Evidence Act - Section 26 – Criminal Trial – Offence of Criminal Conspiracy and Murder - Confession by accused while in custody of police not to be proved against him - Deceased and sister of deceased is complainant who lodged FIR - Appellant No.1 in Criminal Appeal who is accused No.2, is brother of accused No.1 in Criminal Appeal The appellant Nos.3 and 4 in Criminal Appeal are said to be hired mercenaries engaged by accused No.2 at the instance of accused No.1 to cause murder of deceased - There were matrimonial disputes between accused No.1 and deceased - In morning, accused No.1 brought deceased to house of PW2 and left the deceased at the house of PW2 and he went away. PW2 was present at the house but husband of PW2 was not at house - Accused Nos.3 and 4, who were supposed to be strangers to the deceased and PW2, caused death of deceased by stabbing and fled away – Held, In scheme of Code of Criminal Procedure, an Executive Magistrate do co-ordinate with the police effectively in conducting investigation - However, Judicial Magistrates only pass judicial orders like remand, bail, recording confession under Section 164 but, while doing so, they would not associate with police in any manner in course of investigation - While recording confessional statement under Section 164, Magistrate has to take precaution to keep away the presence of police - Expression Magistrate used in Section 26 of Evidence Act cannot be construed and understood as a Judicial Magistrate because Judicial Magistrate can never co-ordinate with police in course of interrogation or investigation for collecting evidence - When a non-judicial person appointed as a Coroner is deemed to be a Magistrate within the meaning of Section 26 of Evidence Act, it would not stand to reason that why an Executive Magistrate cannot be a Magistrate within the meaning of expression Magistrate under Section 20 of the Evidence Act - Without hearing appeals on merit, direct Registry to place matter before Hon’ble Chief Justice to refer following question to be decided by a larger Bench – Direction issued – Order accordingly.
1. Heard Mr. B. K. Mahajan, learned counsel for the appellants, and Ms. S. Jahan, learned Addl. Public Prosecutor, Assam.
2. The material facts of the prosecution case disclose that one Smt Anita Chakraborty is the deceased and Ms. Gita Das, sister of the deceased, is the complainant who lodged the FIR. Accused No.1 is appellant in Criminal Appeal No.8/2008 and husband of the deceased. Appellant No.1 in Criminal Appeal No.7/2008, who is accused No.2, is brother of accused No.1 in Criminal Appeal No.8/2008. The appellant Nos.3 and 4 in Criminal Appeal No.7/2008 are said to be hired mercenaries engaged by accused No.2 at the instance of accused No.1 to cause murder of the deceased. There were matrimonial disputes between accused No.1 and the deceased. Before the incident, accused No.1 had requested accused No.2 to make arrangement for causing murder of the deceased. But for some reasons, the murder could not be done. Accused No.1 reminded the accused No.2 about the murder to be caused. Accused No.2 thereupon engaged accused Nos.3 and 4 to cause the murder. On 09.10.1999 in the morning, accused No.1 brought the deceased to the house of PW2 and left the deceased at the house of PW2 and he went away. PW2 was present at the house but husband of PW2 was not at the house. Accused Nos.3 and 4, who were supposed to be strangers to the deceased and PW2, caused the death of the deceased by stabbing and fled away.
3. PW2 lodged the complaint before the police on the ensuing day. Police conducted the inquest and the dead body is also subjected to post mortem. Post mortem report discloses that death is due to shock and hemorrhage as a result of the abdominal injury. Death is homicidal and injuries are ante mortem.
4. The investigating officer, in the course of investigation, apprehended accused Nos.3 and 4 on 25.10.1999 and makes a requisition to Additional District Magistrate, Bongaigaon, for magisterial assistance in the conduct of investigation. The Additional District Magistrate deputes PW25, an Executive Magistrate, to participate and assist the investigating officer in the investigation. Accused Nos. 3 and 4 were interrogated by PW20 in presence of PW25 and, in course of interrogation, they confessed that they had been engaged by accused Nos.1 and 2 to cause the murder and that they were paid Rs.8,000/- for causing the murder. Accused Nos.3 and 4 voluntarily led the police to the spot where they had concealed the dagger used for commission of the offence and the blood stained clothing.
5. The investigating officer arrested accused Nos.1 and 2 on 25.10.1999 and made a request to the Judicial Magistrate for police custody for two days. That was granted. Further extension of two more days was also granted on the request of the investigating officer. Even before the expiry of the extended period of two days of police custody, accused Nos.1 and 2 were produced before the Judicial Magistrate for recording confessional statement under section 164, Cr.PC. Accordingly, on 29.10.1999, the Magistrate, after giving three hours time for reflection, recorded the confessional statement of accused Nos.1 and 2.
6. On the voluntary instance of the accused, the weapon used for committing the offence and the blood stained cap was recovered. The investigating officer, after expiry of the period of two days of police custody, again made a requisition for extension of police custody by two more days and that was granted. The investigating officer, even before the expiry of the extended period of police custody, produced accused Nos.1 and 2 before the Magistrate for recording confessional statement under Section 164 Cr.PC. Accordingly, on 29.10.2009, the Magistrate, after giving three hours time for reflection, recorded the confessional statement of accused Nos.1 and 2.
7. On the next day, accused Nos.3 and 4 were also produced and their confessional statements have been recorded under Section 164 by the Judicial Magistrate. The investigating