IN THE HIGH COURT OF GAUHATI, ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH
MALASRI NANDI, J.
Uttam Sutradhar, S/o. Sri Bhabesh Sutradhar – Petitioner
Versus
The State of Assam, rep. by PP, Assam – Respondent
Crl. A.(J.) No.104 of 2019
Decided On : 03-05-2024
304B IPC - Dowry Death - [304B IPC] - The court discussed the evidence and circumstances surrounding the case, including the testimony of witnesses and the child witness, and found the appellant guilty of dowry death under Section 304B IPC. The court also highlighted the legal provisions and principles related to dowry death, including the presumption under Section 113(B) of the Indian Evidence Act and the burden of proof on the accused to rebut the presumption. The court refrained from interfering in the judgment, affirmed the sentence of rigorous imprisonment for ten years, and set aside the fine imposed.
Fact of the Case:
The appellant was convicted and sentenced for dowry death under Section 304B IPC based on the death of his wife due to burn injuries sustained in their house. The case involved allegations of dowry demand and harassment by the appellant, as reported by the deceased's family members and neighbors. The child witness, son of the appellant and the deceased, provided conflicting testimony regarding the incident.
Finding of the Court:
The court found the appellant guilty of dowry death under Section 304B IPC based on the evidence of harassment and demand of dowry, the circumstances of the incident, and the lack of a satisfactory explanation from the appellant. The court refrained from interfering in the judgment and affirmed the sentence of rigorous imprisonment for ten years, while setting aside the fine imposed.
Issues: The key issues included the credibility of witnesses, particularly the child witness, and the application of legal provisions related to dowry death, burden of proof, and presumption under Section 113(B) of the Indian Evidence Act.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the importance of evaluating the evidence of a child witness with caution and the need for corroboration, as well as the burden of proof on the accused to rebut the presumption of dowry death under Section 304B IPC. The court also highlighted the application of Section 8 and Section 106 of the Indian Evidence Act in the absence of a satisfactory explanation from the accused.
Final Decision: The appeal was dismissed, and the sentence of rigorous imprisonment for ten years was affirmed, while the fine imposed was set aside. The court refrained from interfering in the judgment and returned the trial court record.
Heard Mr. A. Bhattacharya, learned Legal Aid counsel for the appellant. Also heard Mr. B. B. Gogoi, learned Additional Public Prosecutor, Assam.
2. This appeal has been preferred by the accused appellant from jail against the judgment and order dated 24.05.2019 passed by the learned Sessions Judge, Barpeta in Sessions Case No. 128/2014 whereby the accused appellant was convicted and sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for ten years with fine of Rs.20,000/- in default of payment of fine, to undergo simple imprisonment for six months under Section 304B IPC.
3. The brief facts of the case is that the informant, who is the brother of the deceased lodged an FIR on 09.04.2009 before the officer in-charge, Barpeta road police station stating inter alia that it has been more than seven years since the marriage of his younger sister Lakhi Saha (Sutradhar) with the appellant Uttam Kumar Sutradhar, the appellant used to torture his sister in various ways by demanding dowry articles since their marriage. On 08.04.2009, at about 9.30 pm, the appellant along with his family members poured kerosene oil on his younger sister and set fire to her inside the room of the appellant and locked the door from outside. Having heard the scream of his sister, someone entered the room by breaking the wall and rescued his sister and took her to Barpeta Road Civil Hospital. Then, she was referred to Gauhati Medical College Hospital and she was brought to GMCH in critical condition and she died on the next morning i.e. on 09.04.2009.
4. On receipt of the complaint, a case was registered vide Barpeta Road PS Case No. 57/09 under Section 304B/34 IPC and the investigation has been initiated. During investigation, the Investigating Officer visited the place of occurrence, recorded the statement of the witnesses. The inquest was done on the dead body of the deceased and thereafter, the dead body was forwarded to the civil hospital Barpeta for post mortem examination. After completion of investigation, charge-sheet was submitted against the appellant under Section 304 B IPC before the SDJM(S), Barpeta. As the offence under Section 304(B) IPC is exclusively triable by the court of Sessions, the case was committed accordingly.
5. During trial, charge was framed against the accused appellant under Section 302/304B IPC which was read over and explained to the accused appellant to which he pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried.
6. To prove the case against the accused appellant, the prosecution has examined nine witnesses and exhibited seven documents. The defence also examined one witness i.e. son of the appellant and the deceased. After completion of trial, the statement of the appellant was recorded under Section 313 Cr.P.C. wherein incriminating material found in the evidence of the witnesses were put to him to which he denied the same. According to the appellant, he has been falsely implicated in this case. After hearing the arguments advanced by the learned counsel for the parties, the appellant was convicted as aforesaid. Hence, this appeal.
7. It was urged by the learned counsel for the petitioner that there is one eye witness to the incident i.e. DW-1, who is the son of the deceased and the appellant. If the court considers the evidence of DW-1, there is no case against the appellant that he had committed murder of his wife. Though the informant has alleged that since after the marriage between the appellant and the deceased there was allegation of demand of dowry and assault towards his deceased sister but it is not specifically stated by the informant and other witnesses that when the demand was made by the appellant, payment of such dowry articles and the deceased has been tortured both physically and mentally.
8. Per contra, learned Additional Public Prosecutor has supported the conviction of the appellant and submits that though the charge was framed under Section 302/304B IPC however, the learned Sessions Judge, Barpeta has convicted the accused/a
The judgment establishes that the presumption of guilt under Section 113-B of the Evidence Act applies when the prosecution proves the essential elements of dowry death under Section 304(B) IPC, shif....
The Court established that dowry death under IPC 304-B requires proof of cruelty related to dowry demands occurring soon before the victim's death.
Section 113 B of Indian Evidence Act, 1872 deals with a presumption as to dowry death.
Dowry death conviction under IPC Section 304B requires proof of cruelty/harassment for dowry demand soon before death to attract Evidence Act Section 113B presumption; mere presence at scene insuffic....
The prosecution must prove beyond reasonable doubt the elements of cruelty or harassment in connection with dowry to establish a case under Section 304B IPC; mere suspicion is insufficient for convic....
The judgment establishes the application of key legal provisions such as Section 304B and 498A of the Indian Penal Code, Section 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act, and the presumption under Section 113B....
The court established that in cases of dowry death, the prosecution must demonstrate a proximate link between the cruelty related to dowry demands and the death of the victim, allowing for a presumpt....
The conviction for dowry death requires proof of harassment and demand for dowry preceding the death, establishing a presumption that the accused caused the death, which is rebuttable by the defense.
The importance of reliable evidence, including dying declarations, and the fatal nature of the delay in lodging the FIR in establishing charges of cruelty and dowry death.
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