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2008 Supreme(Ker) 506

Judgename : C.N.RAMACHANDRAN NAIR,HARUN-UL-RASHID
Jane Antony - Appellant
Versus
V.M.Siyath - Respondents
Case No : MACA.No.1324 of 2004
Decided On : 09/25/2008

Advocates Appeared:For the Petitioners:P.R. Venketesh, Advocate. For the Respondents:K.G. Anil Babu, Advocate.

Headnote:

Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - S.125 - Protection of women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 - Succession Act 1925 - Sections 33(a), 36 & 37 - Motor Vehicles Act 1988, S.166 - Divorce Act 1869 - S. 21 - Right of succession of illegitimate children born to Christian parents - Whether the requirement of a central legislation recognizing the right of illegitimate children of all classes irrespective of their religion to inherit the property of their parents is the need of the hour? Whether illegitimate children born to Christian father and mother are entitled to inherit the property of their father under the Indian Succession Act? Whether children born to parents living as husband and wife during the subsistence of the father's first marriage are legitimate or illegitimate in the eye of law - deceased had virtually abandoned the first appellant and entered into a relationship with another lady namely RW.1 and two children were born in that relationship. The second lady, namely RW.1, has not come forward with any claim for compensation, probably because she is not a legal heir under the Indian Succession law. We, therefore, order that out of the balance compensation left after giving the amounts granted to the parents of the deceased, appellants 1 to 3 will take 3/5 and balance 2/5 will go to respondents 4 and 5 which is the rates of apportionment of compensation among the legal heirs, fixed by the Tribunal. Appellants 1 to 3 and respondents 4 and 5 will share their respective portions equally among them. Insurance Company is directed to deposit the additional compensation with interest at the rate of 71/2 % per annum from the date of application till date of deposit - Appeal allowed to extent.

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The judgment held that illegitimate children may be entitled to succeed to the estate of the deceased where evidence shows they were born in a relationship akin to marriage, and that such status can be recognized for inheritance purposes. (!) (!) (!) - The court discussed apportionment of compensation under the Indian Succession Act and for Motor Vehicles Act claims, determining how one-third to the widow and the remainder to lineal descendants, while considering illegitimate children as eligible heirs in certain circumstances. (!) (!) (!) - The judgment analyzes legitimacy definitions, cohabitation presumptions, and the broadening interpretation of "legal heirs" to include children born out of wedlock when the parents lived together as husband and wife for a substantial period. (!) (!) (!)

What is the entitlement of illegitimate children to inherit the estate of a deceased parent under the Indian Succession Act?

What is the scope of "legal heirs" and the apportionment of compensation among heirs when illegitimate children are involved in a Motor Vehicles Act claim?

What are the rights of children born to a woman who cohabited with the deceased as his wife for inheritance and maintenance?


Judgment :-

Harun-Ul-Rashid, J.

Right of succession of illegitimate children born to Christian parents is the bone of contention cropped up for consideration in this case. While considering this, the following issues arise for consideration.

(i) Whether the requirement of a central legislation recognizing the right of illegitimate children of all classes irrespective of their religion to inherit the property of their parents is the need of the hour?

(ii) Whether illegitimate children born to Christian father and mother are entitled to inherit the property of their father under the Indian Succession Act?

(iii) Whether children born to parents living as husband and wife during the subsistence of the fathers first marriage are legitimate or illegitimate in the eye of law.

.2. Theappeal is directed against the award passed by the Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal, Pala in O.P.(MV) Nos.1073 of 1995 and 1270 of 1995. The case of the appellants in brief is as follows:

.The deceased Dr.Antony was a 36 year old doctor who died in a motor accident on 5.1993 while studying for M.S Course in the Medical College, Kottayam. The motor bike in which the deceased was travelling as pillion rider along with his relative was knocked down by a tempo van driven by the 1st respondent. The deceased sustained injuries and was admitted in the Medical College Hospital, Kottayam where he later died. The first appellant, who is also a Doctor by profession is the widow of the deceased, appellants 2 and 3 are her children born to the deceased and appellants 4 and 5 are the parents of the deceased. In the claim petition filed by the appellants before the Tribunal, respondents 4 and 5 who are the children of the deceased and one Mrs. Mary Antony got impleaded as additional respondents. Even though RW1 (Mrs. Mary Antony) claimed to be married to the deceased and respondents 4 and 5 are the children born in that wedlock, the Tribunal held that since the first marriage was subsisting there could not be another valid marriage by deceased with RW1. However, respondents 4 and 5, the children born to the deceased through RW1, were granted compensation along with the appellants herein. Out of the total compensation awarded, Rs.50,000/-each was given to the parents of the deceased who are appellants 4 and 5 herein and the balance was apportioned among appellants 1 to 3 and respondents 4 and 5 herein equally. It is against this award, appeal is filed for enhancement of compensation and also for canceling the award passed in favour of respondents 4 and 5.

.3. Wehave heard counsel appearing for the parties and have gone through the award. According to

.respondents 4 and 5, Dr. O.I. Antony married their mother as per an agreement dated 21.1990 and they were born in that wedlock. The 4th respondent was born on 11.1990 and the 5th respondent was born on 19.1993 after the death of Dr.Antony. To discharge the burden of proving that respondents 4 and 5 are the children of the deceased Antony, RWs.1 to 3 were examined. RW.1 testified that on 28.5.1989 there was an advertisement in the matrimonial column of the Indian Express inviting proposals from suitable bride for the deceased to which her mother responded. Ext.B2 is the Indian Express Newspaper and Ext.B2(a) is the relevant publication. According to RW.1, she was a Lieutnant working in the Nursing Department of the Military during the relevant period and during January, 1990, she met the deceased Antony at Kottayam and they decided to marry and consequently registered a document at the Sub Registry Office, Thrissur on 21.1990. Ext.B8 is the said marriage document. In Ext.B8, it is stipulated that they have decided to live together as husband and wife by virtue of the said agreement and that the marriage will be solemnised as per the religious formalities and customs. It is also testified by RW.1 that herself and deceased Antony lived as husband and wife at her residence at Pala for about 1 = months. She deposed that she became



























































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