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2009 Supreme(Ker) 664

High Court Of Kerala
THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE K. BALAKRISHNAN NAIR, THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE V. GIRI & THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE P.S. GOPINATHAN
V.K.M.Pavithran - Appellant
Versus
The State of Kerala - Respondents
WA.No. 327 of 2007
Decided On : 19 August 2009

Advocates Appeared:For the Petitioner:N. Sugathan, Advocate. For the Respondents:P.V. Asha, Advocate.

Headnote:

Constitution of India,1950 - Article.226 - Administrative Law - Service Matter - Seniority - Eligibility - Whether void orders in absolute sense in administrative matters Whether a person aggrieved takes recourse to appropriate remedy at appropriate time even an illegal order will be treated as valid and binding - Whether person who enjoyed a seniority position for quite some time is entitled to sit back - Whether an adverse order is not challenged before appropriate forum within prescribed time limit, and said order becomes final, whether said order is binding on affected person ? Whether Unless a person aggrieved takes recourse to appropriate remedy at appropriate time whether even an illegal order can be treated as valid ? Whether settled seniority can be unsettled after affected party sleeps over his right? Held, Whenever an adverse order is passed against a person, unless the same is challenged before the appropriate forum, within the prescribed time limit, the said order will become final and the person, affected by it, will also be bound by it - There are no void orders in absolute sense in administrative matters. There are only voidable orders. Unless a person aggrieved takes recourse to the appropriate remedy at the appropriate time, even an illegal order will be treated as valid and binding - A person who enjoyed a seniority position for quite some time is entitled to sit back. The seniority position shall not, normally, be disturbed lightly. It is not in the interest of administration or public interest to allow a person, who slept over his right, to rake up a stale claim, tinker with the seniority list and demoralise other members of the service - Court find no reason not to apply the above principle applicable to members of public service, to the persons working in aided schools governed by the K.E.R., also. There cannot be any separate principle for such schools concerning seniority, sit back, etc - Writ Appeal is allowed and judgment under appeal is reversed and order is quashed.

Judgment :-

Balakrishnan Nair, J.

The appellant is the writ petitioner. The dispute raised before the learned Single Judge for resolution was concerning the seniority of the appellant and the 6th respondent in the cadre of Assistant Teacher. Both of them are Lower Primary School Assistants working in M.L.P. School, Peringathur, Chokli. Both of them have continuous qualified service in the school with effect from 1.6.1982. Both of them have unqualified, but approved spells of service before the said date. If unqualified service is also reckoned, the 6th respondent is senior. If the continuous qualified service alone is taken into account, the appellant, being senior in age, will be senior. When the seniority list of the school was provisionally approved by the Assistant Educational Officer, the appellant was placed above the 6th respondent. So, the 6th respondent moved the Assistant Educational Officer objecting to the said seniority position. But, the same was rejected by Ext.P2 order dated 21.7.2006. Though, against that order, the 6th respondent filed an appeal before the District Educational Officer, the same was rejected on the ground of delay in preferring it. Thereafter, the 6th respondent did not take any steps to challenge the seniority assigned to the appellant.

2. A vacancy in the post of Headmaster arose on 1.10.2005 and the appellant was appointed in that post. In the meantime, the 6th respondent preferred a representation before the Assistant Educational Officer on 25.7.2005 requesting that he should be treated as senior to the appellant. The said application was rejected by the Assistant Educational Officer by making an endorsement on it to the effect that the seniority position has already been settled by him earlier. A copy of the representation along with the endorsement is produced as Annexure-II. The 6th respondent then preferred Annexure-III revision before the Government against the endorsement made by the Assistant Educational Officer in his representation. The Government, after hearing both sides, took the view that the 6th respondent should be treated as senior to the appellant by Ext.P2 order. Challenging the same, W.P. (C) No.24490 of 2006 was filed by the appellant. The learned Single Judge dismissed the Writ Petition. Hence this appeal.

3. The appellant mainly relied on the fact that the 6th respondent was guilty of delay and laches. Since, he has already suffered Exts.P2 and P3 orders, he cannot now demur, when the appellant was promoted as Headmaster on the strength of the settled seniority position, it is submitted. In support of that submission, learned counsel for the appellant relied on the decision of a Division Bench of this Court in Usha Devi v. State of Kerala (2002(I) K.L.T. 615). It was a case where a protected teacher, on her reappointment in the parent school was granted seniority from the date of her original appointment. Such grant of seniority was contrary to law. Still, this Court declined to interfere with the same for the reason that the said incumbent was enjoying the seniority position for quite sometime. The appellant, in this case, would point out that even assuming that the 6th respondent was entitled to get seniority by virtue of his longer approved and unqualified service, he cannot now raise that claim in view of Exts.P2 and P3.

4. The 6th respondent, on the other hand, would rely on Ext.R6(a) judgment in W.A. No.423 of 1989 dated 23.5.1989 in Devaki Amma v. State of Kerala (1989 (2) K.L.J. 256). That was a case where the seniority of the appellant in that case had become final long ago, in the absence of any challenge to it by the 6th respondent. But the Division Bench held that the application of seniority arises only when the question of promotion to the post of Headmaster arises and, therefore, even in the absence of any challenge earlier, the appellant can raise it when her turn arises for promotion as Headmistress.

5. Concerning the very same point, there are two con


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