2017 Supreme(Ker) 365
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
ALEXANDER THOMAS, J.
RENU NINAN – APPELLANT
Versus
RADHAKRISHNAN UNNITHAN AND ORS. – RESPONDENTS
Crl.R.P.No. 1154 of 2012
Decided On : 27-02-2017
FOR THE APPELLANT : SRI. A. SHAFEEK (KAYAMKULAM)
FOR THE RESPONDENTS: SMT. BHAVANA VELAYUDHAN, SRI. S. SANAL KUMAR, SMT. T.J. SEEMA, SRI. SAIGI JACOB PALATTY
The compensatory aspect of the remedy should be given priority over the punitive aspect in cases of dishonored cheques, and the gravity of the complaint cannot be equated with an offense under IPC.
Headnote:
Sec.138 - Negotiable Instruments Act - Sec.357(3) of the Cr.P.C. - The court confirmed the conviction of the petitioner for the offence under Sec.138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act and modified the substantive sentence of simple imprisonment to imprisonment till rising of the court. The petitioner was directed to pay Rs.2.03 lakhs to the complainant under Sec.357(3) of the Cr.P.C. within 3 months, with the alternative of undergoing simple imprisonment for five months.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner was convicted for issuing dishonored cheques totaling Rs.2 lakhs to the complainant. The trial court and the appellate court found the complainant's version believable and held that the complainant had followed all statutory formalities before filing the complaint.
Finding of the Court:
The court confirmed the conviction and modified the substantive sentence, reducing it to imprisonment till rising of the court. The petitioner was directed to pay Rs.2.03 lakhs to the complainant within 3 months, with the alternative of undergoing simple imprisonment for five months.
Issues: The issues included the dishonor of the cheques, statutory formalities followed by the complainant, and the contention regarding the loan being taken by the accused in favor of a partnership firm.
Ratio Decidendi: The court found the complainant's version believable and upheld the conviction. The court also held that the contention regarding the loan being taken by the accused in favor of a partnership firm was not permissible at the revisional stage.
Final Decision: The court confirmed the conviction, modified the substantive sentence, and directed the petitioner to pay Rs.2.03 lakhs to the complainant within 3 months, with the alternative of undergoing simple imprisonment for five months.
The petitioner is the accused for offence under Sec.138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act in Summary Trial Case, S.T.C. No. 101/2009, on the file of the Judicial First Class Magistrate's Court-III, Mavelikkara, instituted on the basis of the complaint filed by the 1st respondent herein. The trial court by the impugned judgment dated 27.7.2010 had convicted the petitioner for the abovesaid offence and had sentenced her to undergo simple imprisonment for a period of 6 months and to pay compensation of Rs.2.03 lakhs to the complainant under Sec.357(3) of the Cr.P.C. and in default thereof, the accused was sentenced to undergo simple imprisonment for a further period of 5 months. Aggrieved thereby, the petitioner had preferred Criminal Appeal No.432/2010 before the Sessions Court concerned. The appellate court (the Court of Addl. Sessions Judge, Fast Track [Ad hoc] Mavelikkara) as per the impugned judgment rendered on 26.12.2011 had dismissed the appeal, thereby confirming the impugned conviction and sentence imposed on the petitioner by the trial court. Challenging the abovesaid concurrent verdicts of both the courts below, the petitioner had preferred the instant revision petition on 21.5.2012. This Court as per order dated 30.5.2012 had admitted the Crl.R.P. and had ordered notice on R-1 (complainant) and also ordered that the warrant, if any, pending against the petitioner shall be kept in abeyance for a period of one month on condition that the petitioner deposits an amount of Rs.50,000/- before the trial court within 4 weeks. When the matter had come up for consideration on 11.1.2017, this Court had wanted to ascertain from the petitioner's counsel as to whether the petitioner had deposited the amount of Rs. 50,000/- before the trial court in compliance with the earlier interim order dated 30.5.2012. Now it is reported by Sri.A.Shafeek, learned counsel appearing for the revision petitioner that despite his diligent and consistent efforts, he has not been furnished instructions by the revision petitioner and also he had sent a registered notice calling upon her to furnish instructions. The said registered notice has been returned to the petitioner's counsel with the endorsement, "absent".
2. Heard Sri. A. Shafeek, learned counsel appearing for the revision petitioner accused, Smt.Bavana Velayudhan, learned counsel appearing for R-1 (complainant) and Sri.Saigi Jacob Palatty, learned Prosecutor appearing for R-2 State.
3. The gist of the prosecution in this case is that towards discharge of liability owed by the accused to the complainant, the revision petitioner accused had issued 2 cheques, Ext.P-1 cheque dated 10.10.2007 for Rs.1.25 lakhs and Ext.P-2 cheque dated 17.10.2007 for Rs.75,000/-, and thus totalling to Rs.2 lakhs, in favour of the complainant. The complainant had presented the said cheques for encashment, which resulted in dishonour. The complainant had issued statutory demand notice as per Ext.P-5 in terms of Sec.138 proviso (b) of the Negotiable Instruments Act, by registered post, which was duly served. The petitioner had sent reply notice dated 6.5.2008 denying the transaction and stating that she had given blank signed cheques to various persons and these 2 cheques have been presented by the complainant by illegally obtaining them from such persons to whom she had granted cheques, etc.
4. During the trial, the complainant had examined himself as P.W-1 and marked Exts.P-1 to P-7 documents. The defence had marked Ext.D-1 reply notice through P.W-1. The defence had not examined any witnesses.
5. P.W.1 complainant deposed mainly in consonance with the contents of his complaint and he deposed that the accused was his family friend and she had availed a loan of Rs. 2 lakhs from the complainant on 20.9.2007 and agreed to repay the same within 15 days. That in discharge of the liability, the petitioner had issued Exts.P-1 and Ext.P-2 cheques for a total amount of Rs.2 lakhs as stated above from an account maintaine