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2011 Supreme(Ker) 1148

High Court of Kerala
Thomas P. Joseph, J.
Eldho Kuruvilla - Appellant
Versus
K G Abraham & Ors - Respondent
W.P.(C) No. 24273 of 2010
Decided On : 03-08-2011

Headnote:

Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order XI Rule 1 - An agreement executed between the parties - For purchase of 50 and odd acres of land for the consideration stated therein - As per the said agreement, certain amount was paid as advance to the proposed vendors - Proposed purchaser rescinded the contract that property agreed to be sold has no marketable title - Some of the original owners are nonexistent - Held, It is not necessary to interfere with Ext.P6, order - It is made clear that if pursuant to the answers that the first - Petitions disposed of.

Judgement Key Points

Based on the provided legal document, the key points are as follows:

  1. The case involves a dispute over an agreement for the purchase of land, where the purchaser rescinded the contract due to issues related to the property's marketability and ownership status (!) (!) .

  2. The dispute includes claims and counterclaims regarding breach of contract and damages suffered by the parties, with the court primarily focusing on whether the breach occurred and the nature of the damages (!) (!) .

  3. An application was made to serve interrogatories on the first respondent, specifically concerning his status as a Non-Resident Indian (NRI) and his ownership of land in India, which the court initially considered irrelevant (!) .

  4. The court ultimately found that the interrogatories regarding the first respondent’s NRI status and land holdings in India are relevant to the case, particularly because they relate to whether the respondent could have legally entered into the contract and whether he was misled about the nature of the property (!) (!) (!) .

  5. The court emphasized that interrogatories must be closely connected to the issues in dispute and are intended to facilitate a fair trial by clarifying matters directly relevant to the case (!) (!) (!) .

  6. The court allowed certain interrogatories to be served on the first respondent, including questions about his NRI status, the criteria he claims to meet as an NRI, the date from which he claims this status, and details of any land owned in India, including its nature and acquisition details (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  7. The court set aside the earlier order that had dismissed the interrogatories, permitting these specific questions to be answered, but dismissed the related petition concerning the production of documents, leaving room for future applications if needed (!) (!) (!) .

  8. The decision underscores the importance of relevance and close connection to the issues in framing interrogatories, ensuring they serve the purpose of clarifying factual disputes without overreaching into irrelevant matters (!) (!) (!) .

  9. Overall, the ruling clarifies the scope of permissible interrogatories in the context of land and contractual disputes, especially when the parties’ legal statuses and land ownership are central to the case (!) (!) .

Please let me know if you need further analysis or specific legal advice related to this case.


JUDGMENT

Thomas P. Joseph, J.

1. There is an agreement executed between the parties hereto on March 22, 2007 for purchase of 50 and odd acres of land for the consideration stated therein. As per the said agreement, certain amount was paid as advance to the proposed vendors, petitioners in these petitions. While so, the first respondent/plaintiff, the proposed purchaser rescinded the contract on the ground that property agreed to be sold has no marketable title and some of the original owners of the property from whom petitioners had agreed to acquire the land and transfer the same to the first respondent are non existent. Consequent to the rescission of the contract, first respondent filed O.S.No.218 of 2008 in the Court of learned Additional Sub Judge, Ernakulam for realisation of advance sale consideration given to the petitioners and other defendants in the suit. In the plaint, first respondent alleged that he was constrained to rescind the contract on account of lack of marketable title for the property agreed to be conveyed and since the original owners of the property were non existent. Petitioners defended the suit contenting that that breach was on the part of the first respondent and that on account of the breach, they suffered loss to the tune of `.14 Crores and odd. They also made a counter claim for realisation of `.9 crores by way of damages to which the claim was confined. In answer to the counter claim, first respondent filed replication wherein he denied that he committed breach. He contended that he was made to believe that the property proposed to be sold to him is suitable for construction of a hotel but, later as against the information that was given to him he learned under the Right to Information Act (for short, "the RTI Act") that the properties proposed to be sold are cardamom estate or agricultural land. It was also pointed out by him in paragraph 13 of the replication that since he is a Non Resident Indian (for short, "NRI") he could not acquire plantation or agricultural land in view of the provisions of the FEMA and the Regulations framed under it. It was further contended that the agreement for sale was entered into between the first respondent, petitioners and the third defendant on the basis of assurance given by the petitioners and third defendant that the property could be utilised for construction of a hotel. Based on the pleading learned Sub Judge framed issues whether the said Court has territorial jurisdiction to try the suit, whether petitioners and third defendant committed breach of contract (as alleged by the first respondent) first respondent is entitled to recover the amount claimed in the plaint and whether petitioners and the third defendant are entitled to the counter claim. After framing of issues, petitioner in W.P(C).No.24273 of 2010 (first defendant) filed I.A.No.7824 of 2009 for leave to serve interrogatories on the first respondent (interrogatories required to be answered as seen in pages 91 onwards of the paper book in W.P(C).No.24273 of 2010). Essentially the interrogatories required to be answered by the first respondent related to his claim of status as a NRI and whether he has acquired landed property in India. The application was opposed by the first respondent contending that in the nature of the claim made in the plaint, interrogatories are not relevant. Learned Sub Judge considered the question and passed Ext.P7, order holding that the limited questions to be answered in the suit are whether first respondent is entitled to refund of the advance sale consideration given to the petitioners and third defendant and whether petitioners and third defendant are entitled to get the amount shown in the counter claim in view of the loss allegedly suffered by them on account of alleged breach of contract by the first respondent. Learned Sub Judge was of the view that status of the first respondent as NRI has nothing to do with the disputes in question and in that view of the mat























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