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2018 Supreme(Ker) 492

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
ASHOK MENON, J.
DHANABHAGYAM W/O. LATE SADASIVAM - Petitioner
Vs.
SARASWATHY AMMAL W/O. LATE RAMAKRISHNA PILLA - Respondent
O.P.(C) No. 1268 of 2016
Decided On : 08-08-2018

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: SRI. T.C.SURESH MENON, SRI. P.S.APPU, SRI. A.R.NIMOD ADV.
For the Respondent: SRI. BINOY VASUDEVAN, SRI. R.MANIKANTAN, SMT. P.G.BABITHA, SMT. K.J.ANITHA ADV.

Headnote:

Civil Procedure Code, 1908- Order 41, Rule 19, Order 22, Rule 3, Sections 152 and 153 -The appeal was filed in time-Since the legal heirs were not mentioned in the party array of the decree and judgment, the appeal could not have been filed and the office of the appellate court would not receive the appeal with persons, who were not in the party array. Hence, even though the appellants were aware of the fact that the sole plaintiff was dead, they could not have been found fault with for filing an appeal against a dead person on the party array. The office of the trial Court was apparently negligent in not carrying out the amendment by substituting the deceased plaintiff with his legal heirs. It is in such circumstances that the Court can resort to Sections 152 and 153 of the C.P.C. to correct the errors in the judgment and the decree.

Statement of facts:

Aggrieved by this order at Ext.P6, the respondents, who are the legal heirs of the deceased plaintiff, are before this Court under Article 227 of the Constitution. The grounds raised by them is that the appeal is filed against a dead person on the party array, which is a nullity. Ext.P2 is the judgment dismissing the appeal for default. The cause title of which would show Sadasivan as the sole respondent. It is submitted that there was no default on the part of the legal heirs in getting themselves impleaded in the suit. They had filed I.A.No.976/2008, a copy of which is Ext.P1. They were under the impression that the petition filed under Order 22, Rule 3, C.P.C. to get themselves impleaded as supplemental plaintiffs 2 to 4 stands allowed by the trial Court. The defendants were also aware of this fact. Despite that, they filed an appeal against a dead person. The learned Counsel for the petitioners submits that it is a nullity to file appeal against a dead person.

Finding of the court:

The trial Court had proceeded under the premise that the legal heirs of the deceased plaintiff were on the party array. In fact, one of the legal heirs was examined as PW1. In the judgment of the trial Court it is mentioned that the sole plaintiff is dead and the legal heirs are brought on record. The learned District Judge has therefore, rightly allowed the appeal to be taken on file and it cannot be held that the appeal by itself would be a nullity. The infirmity in the judgment and decree was not due to the any default of the parties, but the Court-No reason to interfere with the findings of the leaned District Judge.

Result: Original Petition dismissed.

JUDGMENT :

Aggrieved by the order of the learned District Judge, Palakkad in I.A.Nos.1936/2015 and 1937/2015 in A.S.No.246/2011, the respondents are before this Court.

2. The facts in brief are thus: O.S.No.71/2006 is a suit filed by late Sadasivan before the Munsiff Court, Chittoor. He expired during the pendency of the suit. His legal representatives filed I.A.Nos.975/2008 and 976/2008 to get themselves impleaded. The court did not dispose of the impleading application. But, proceeded with the trial and decreed the suit. The defendants, aggrieved by the judgment and decree of the trial court, filed an appeal before the District Court Palakkad. Despite having the knowledge of the death of original plaintiff, the appeal was filed against the dead person, as the decree was drawn in favour of the original plaintiff alone. Notice was ordered in the appeal. On getting a report that the sole plaintiff was reported to be dead, appeal was posted for taking steps. No steps were taken and no representation was made by the appellants and in consequence to which, the appeal was dismissed for default. The appellants filed I.A.No.1936/2015 for condonation of delay of 1043 days and I.A.No.1937/2015 under Order 41, Rule 19, C.P.C. for re-admitting the appeal to file. The petitioners submitted that they were under the impression that the legal heirs of the deceased plaintiff were impleaded as supplemental plaintiffs in the suit, since they had filed an application for getting themselves impleaded consequent to the demise of the original plaintiff. Certified copy of the decree obtained from the trial court did not indicate the fact of death of the original plaintiff or the impleadment of his legal heirs. That is how the appeal happened to be filed in the name of the deceased plaintiff as respondent. The petitioners had moved I.A.Nos. 2962/2012 and 2928/2012 for amendment of the decree and judgment on 30.11.2012 before the trial court. It was then that the trial court noticed the omission to dispose the applications filed by the plaintiff's legal heirs for impleadment and amendment, filed as I.A.Nos.975/2008 and 976/2008. Since the applications filed by the petitioners before the trial court were kept pending, they could not take steps to amend the appeal memorandum. It was only on 10.04.2015 that the trial court ultimately passed orders on I.A.Nos.2926/2012 and 2928/2012 and the petitioners got information of the orders only on 05.09.2015. Copies were applied for and it is submitted that there was no willful default on the part of the petitioners to get the orders of dismissal set aside. The respondents, who were impleaded as legal heirs of the sole plaintiff before the trial court, opposed these applications for condonation of delay and restoration of the appeal. It is stated that the orders were passed by the trial court in I.A.Nos.975/2008 and 976/2008 as early as on 21.05.2008 and therefore the contention that no orders were passed on the I.As. to get the legal heirs impleaded, is not true.

3. After perusal of the records of the trial Court, the learned District Judge observed that no orders were passed on I.A.Nos.976/2008 and 976/2008 while the suit was disposed of. The trial court had proceeded with the trial as if the supplemental respondents were on record to represent the estate of the deceased sole plaintiff. The judgment of the trial court would indicate that the judgment was passed under the premise that the plaintiffs 2 to 4 were on record as additional plaintiffs and as legal heirs of the deceased sole plaintiff. Even though they were not described in the cause title, in para 4 of the judgment of the trial court, it is specifically stated that the plaintiff had died during the pendency of the suit and the legal heirs were impleaded as supplemental plaintiffs 2 to 4. In fact, it is one of the supplemental plaintiff, who was examined as PW1 before the trial court. The fair copy of the judgment and decree was drafted only with the sole











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