SURENDRA MOHAN, J.

1. The dispute relating to fixation of the fees that could be charged by Private Self Fina6ncing Medical Colleges arises for consideration in this batch of Writ Petitions. As per separate orders that are under challenge in each of these Writ Petitions, the Admission and Fee Regulatory Committee for Medical Education in Kerala (AFRC for short) has fixed the fees to be charged by each of the Medical Colleges in the State. The said orders are under challenge in each of these Writ Petitions filed by the respective Medical Colleges. Though separate orders have been passed and different amounts have been fixed as fee for each of the colleges, the contentions on the basis of which the impugned orders are attacked are identical. Therefore, it shall be sufficient that the contentions advanced are considered in common and answered. Such answers would determine the fate of the impugned orders. Inasmuch as the issue involved is with respect to fixation of fees, a number of students have also got impleaded and have addressed arguments. We shall consider all the contentions together.

2. Shorn of individual details, the bare facts that require notice are that, all the W