RAJASTHAN HIGH COURT AT JAIPUR BENCH
D.L.Mehta, J.
Narain Singh - Appellant
Versus
State Of Rajasthan - Respondent
S.B. Criminal Revision Petition No. 285 of 1986.
Decided On : 14-04-1988
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE, 1973 - SECTION 167(5) - INVESTIGATION - DELAY - COGNIZANCE - COURT'S JURISDICTION - INTERPRETATION OF SECTION 167(5) - DISTINCTION BETWEEN INVESTIGATION AND COGNIZANCE - SUBMISSION OF CHARGE SHEET BEYOND SIX MONTHS - VALIDITY.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner was arrested on 26th November 1985 for an offence under Section 354-II IPC. The charge sheet was filed on 11-6-1986, beyond the period of six months from the date of arrest. The petitioner filed an application under Section 167(5) CrPC, contending that the case should be stopped as the investigation was not concluded within six months from the date of arrest. The Magistrate rejected the application.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the submission of the police report under Section 190(b) CrPC is not a part of the investigation and that the court has jurisdiction to take cognizance of the offence even if the charge sheet is submitted beyond six months from the date of arrest.
Issues: 1. Whether Section 167(5) CrPC is mandatory or directory. 2. Whether the court can take cognizance of an offence even if the charge sheet is submitted beyond six months from the date of arrest.
Ratio Decidendi: 1. Section 167(5) CrPC is not mandatory in all cases. It depends upon the facts and circumstances of each case. 2. The court can take cognizance of an offence even if the charge sheet is submitted beyond six months from the date of arrest, provided that the investigation was completed within six months.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the revision petition and upheld the order of the Magistrate taking cognizance of the offence.
"Under the statutory provision, viz., Section 167(5) there are statutory duties, one cast on the Court and the other on the Investigating Officer. For the invocation of this Sub-section, the following conditions should be satisfied:
1. The case to which this provision is to applied should be one triable by the Magistrate as a summons case;
2. The accused in that case should have been arrested; and
3. The investigation should no have been concluded within a period of six months from the date of arrest of the accused. The officer making the investigation has necessarily to move the Court before which the case is pending, for an order permitting continuation of the investigation beyond the period of six months, before the Magistrate discharges his duty, which comes only after the expiry of six months. It follows that these two duties cast on these two functionaries are independent of each other.
Taking into custody of a person by the Magistrate on his surrender also will come within the ambit of the term "arrest" and the period of six months will commence to be reckoned from the date of such surrender or the arrest of the accused."
"Where in a summons case, the investigation of the case was not concluded within a period of six months from the date of arrest of the accused, and no attempt was made by the Investigating Officer to satisfy the Magistrate as required by Section 167(5) that for "special reasons" and in the "interest of justice" the continuation of the investigation beyond the period of six months was necessary, the Magistrate was bound to make an order stopping further investigation into the offence. The continuation of investigation beyond the period of six months in contravention of law, was illegal and the cognizance taken by the Magistrate was bad in law and the subsequent proceeding was without jurisdiction;
It could not be said that by asking the Investigating Officer to expedite investigation and by taking cognizance after the expiry of the period of six months the Magistrate had impliedly allowed the continuation of investigation, because the Magistrate has. no such competence as the investigation beyond the period of six months can only continue if the conditions laid down in Section 167(5), Cr.PC are fulfilled."
"One of the objects sought to be achieved by the new Cr.PC 1973 was to avoid delay in investigation and trial while ensuring a fair trial to the accused on the principles of natural justice. It was a notorious fact that under-trials remained behind the bars for long periods even without a charge-sheet being filed against them as many of such accused were unable to furnish bail or were not granted bail. Section 167(5) Cr.PC was enacted to avoid delay in investigation which was harmful not only to the individuals but also to the society and the under-trials were
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