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1953 Supreme(Raj) 205

Rajasthan High Court
Modi, J.
Chimna - Appellant
Versus
Chunilal - Respondents
S.B. Civil Misc. Second Appeal No. 9 of 1951
Decided On : October 09, 1953

Advocates Appeared:
Haraklal, for Appellant; Thanchand and Hukmichand, for Respondents

Headnote:Appeal—Necessary parties non-joinder of — Execution proceedings — Joint decree-holder necessary party in appeal by judgment-debtor.Civil P.C., O. 32, R. 1 Real party is minor and not next friend. ]Civil P.C., 0. 1, R. 13—Necessary and proper parties—Rule inapplicable where necessary parties not joined.

       B, who was one of the decree-holders filed an application for the execution of a joint decree to which the judgment-debtor raised an objection that he had satisfied the entire decree This objection was dismissed by the executing court. Against this the judgment-debtor filed an appeal making only B. as respondent but this appeal also was dismissed. The judgment-debtor then filed second appeal in the High Court against B, only. A preliminary objection was raised by the respondent that the appeal was defective as the other decree-holders, who were necessary parties, were not joined.

       Held that although, under O. 21, R. 15 C.P.C. it was open to one of the decree-holders to apply for execution, it cannot be said that the other decree-holders, who had not applied, were not parties to the execution of the decree When the executing court dismissed the judgment-debtors objection, he should, have impleaded the rest of the decree-holders as parties to his appeal whether in the High Court or in the first appellate court. The test in such cases is not as to who is the applicant for the execution of the decree but as to who are the persons interested in the execution of the decree and all such persons are necessary parties to an appeal from the decision of the executing court. (Para 2)

       A distinction must be drawn between non-joinder of necessary parties and non-joinder of proper parties. If the non-joinder is only of proper parties, the principle is well settled that such a defect will not be fatal to the suit. In such a case, the court must deal with the matters in controversy in so far as the parties actually before the court are concerned But where there is a nonjoinder of necessary parties, that is, parties in whose absence the Court cannot pass an effective decree at all, different considerations would seem to arise, and in such cases there will be no alternative but to hold that such a defect would be fatal, and O. 1, R. 13 C.P.C. cannot be pressed into service to dispense with the joinder of such necessary parties.

Modi, J.—This is an execution second appeal by the judgment-debtor Chimna arising out of a suit for money. The respondents Chunnilal and Bakhtawarmal along with five others who have not been made parties to this appeal instituted a suit against the appellant for a sum of Rs. 3073/7/-. The parties obtained a decree on the footing of a compromise from the court of the learned Judicial Superintendent, Sojat, by which it was provided that the present appellant would pay a sum of Rs. 700/- on Falgun Sudi 11, Svt. 2004 and a further instalment of Rs. 1000/- only on Baisakh Sudi 15 of the same Samwat year but that in case he defaulted to make the aforesaid payments on the due dates, the plaintiffs would be entitled to recover the entire suit amount, that is, Rs. 3073/7/-. The parties were directed to bear their own costs in the suit. It is admitted that the present appellant paid the first instalment of Rs. 700/- a little after Falgun Sudi 11, Svt. 2004 which was, however, accepted by the respondents. As regards the second instalment, the appellants case is that he offered the amount to the decree-holders on the due date but they refused to accept the money. It is further alleged that as the courts had closed for the summer vacations immediately thereafter, the appellant deposited the entire sum of Rs. 100/- in the executing court on the 1st July, 1948, when that court reopened after the long vacation saying in his application that the decree-holders had refused to accept the money on its having been offered to them. On 1st July, 1948, respondent Bakhtawarmal who was one of the decree-holders, filed an execution application for the recovery of the whole of the decretal amount except the sum of Rs. 700/- already received, and obtained a warrant of attachment against the judgment-debtors property. The latter raised an objection that he had satisfied the entire decree and was not liable to pay anything more towards its satisfaction. The executing court dismissed the objection. The finding of that court was that the judgment-debtor had failed to pay the instalments on the due dates and that his version that he had offered to pay the sum of Rs. 1000/- to the decree-holders on the due date was false and that the deposit of Rs. 1000/- made by him on the 1st July, 1948, was not a sufficient compliance with the terms of the decree. The judgment debtor took an appeal from the above decree to the learned District Judge, Pali, who affirming the findings of the court below, dismissed the appeal. This second appeal has been filed from the above judgment and decree.

2. A preliminary objection was raised by learned counsel for the respondents that this appeal was defective for want of necessary parties thereto and must be dismissed. The argument of learned counsel was as follows. The decree had been obtained against the present appellant by seven persons in all. Of these, Chunnilal and Bakhtawarmal only have been impleaded as parties to this appeal. The other decree holders were Hastimal and Babulal who have been described as minor sons of Chunnilal and they had brought the suit through their father Chunnilal who acted as their next friend. Jeevraj and Prithviraj were also decree-holders and they were sons of Juharmal. It appears that they were also minors and sued through their next friend Chunnilal. The seventh decree-holder was Bastimal, also minor son of Juharmal, and he sued through his father Juharmal who was his next friend. The name? of all these persons appear in the decree of the trial court dated 18th March, 1949, as plaintiffs. The contention of learned counsel is that all these persons are necessary parties to the present appeal as they had obtained a joint decree against the present appellant. He cited Chandra Kumar vs. Elahi Buksha (1) (A.I.R. 1926 Cal. 667.) in his support where it was held that where the result of not joining some defendants in an appeal would be that if the appeal is decreed there will be two inconsistent decrees, t









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