Rajasthan High Court
Modi, J.
Chimna - Appellant
Versus
Chunilal - Respondents
S.B. Civil Misc. Second Appeal No. 9 of 1951
Decided On : October 09, 1953
B, who was one of the decree-holders filed an application for the execution of a joint decree to which the judgment-debtor raised an objection that he had satisfied the entire decree This objection was dismissed by the executing court. Against this the judgment-debtor filed an appeal making only B. as respondent but this appeal also was dismissed. The judgment-debtor then filed second appeal in the High Court against B, only. A preliminary objection was raised by the respondent that the appeal was defective as the other decree-holders, who were necessary parties, were not joined.
Held that although, under O. 21, R. 15 C.P.C. it was open to one of the decree-holders to apply for execution, it cannot be said that the other decree-holders, who had not applied, were not parties to the execution of the decree When the executing court dismissed the judgment-debtors objection, he should, have impleaded the rest of the decree-holders as parties to his appeal whether in the High Court or in the first appellate court. The test in such cases is not as to who is the applicant for the execution of the decree but as to who are the persons interested in the execution of the decree and all such persons are necessary parties to an appeal from the decision of the executing court. (Para 2)
A distinction must be drawn between non-joinder of necessary parties and non-joinder of proper parties. If the non-joinder is only of proper parties, the principle is well settled that such a defect will not be fatal to the suit. In such a case, the court must deal with the matters in controversy in so far as the parties actually before the court are concerned But where there is a nonjoinder of necessary parties, that is, parties in whose absence the Court cannot pass an effective decree at all, different considerations would seem to arise, and in such cases there will be no alternative but to hold that such a defect would be fatal, and O. 1, R. 13 C.P.C. cannot be pressed into service to dispense with the joinder of such necessary parties.
2. A preliminary objection was raised by learned counsel for the respondents that this appeal was defective for want of necessary parties thereto and must be dismissed. The argument of learned counsel was as follows. The decree had been obtained against the present appellant by seven persons in all. Of these, Chunnilal and Bakhtawarmal only have been impleaded as parties to this appeal. The other decree holders were Hastimal and Babulal who have been described as minor sons of Chunnilal and they had brought the suit through their father Chunnilal who acted as their next friend. Jeevraj and Prithviraj were also decree-holders and they were sons of Juharmal. It appears that they were also minors and sued through their next friend Chunnilal. The seventh decree-holder was Bastimal, also minor son of Juharmal, and he sued through his father Juharmal who was his next friend. The name? of all these persons appear in the decree of the trial court dated 18th March, 1949, as plaintiffs. The contention of learned counsel is that all these persons are necessary parties to the present appeal as they had obtained a joint decree against the present appellant. He cited Chandra Kumar vs. Elahi Buksha (1) (A.I.R. 1926 Cal. 667.) in his support where it was held that where the result of not joining some defendants in an appeal would be that if the appeal is decreed there will be two inconsistent decrees, t
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