MODI, J.—This is a group of fourteen applications for a writ of Habeas Corpus under Art. 226 of the Constitution by the several petitioners therein praying for their release from detention under the orders made under rule 39(l)(b) of the Defence of India Rules, 1962 (hereinafter called the Rules). As some of the points raised in these petitions are| common, we propose to dispose of them by a single judgment. As, however, some of these petitions are based on some additional facts which are peculiar to them, we think that it would be proper to deal with them in three sub-groups. The first sub-group consists of petitions Nos. 527, 551, 559, 582, 583, 584, 597, 598, 619, and 735; the second consists of petitions Nos. 405, 415 and 529, while the third consists of No. 402 only. We shall take up the first sub-group first.

2. As illustrative of the category of cases of the first sub-group, we may state the facts of case No. 527 of 1965. The petitioner claims to be a follower of the Marxist Communist Party. By an order dated the 29th December, 1964, issued under Rule 30 of the Rules, his detention was ordered by the District Magistrate, Pali. The order runs as follows—

"Whereas. I H. S. Raman

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