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1994 Supreme(Raj) 208

Rajasthan High Court
Honble R.R. Yadav, J.
Khema and Others - Appellant
Versus
Shri Bhagwan and Others - Respondents
S.B. Civil Second Appeal No. 146 of 1980
Decided On : May 24, 1994

Advocates Appeared:
D.R. Bhandari, for Appellants R.N. Kalla, for Respondents

Headnote:(a) Rajasthan Court Fees Act - Section 11 — Insufficiency of court-fees — Defendent cannot be allowed and he has no right to question the sufficiency of court fee paid by the plaintiff — Only the State of Rajasthan who alone can be permitted to raise this objection — It is a lis between the plaintiff and the State — Defendant cannot be said to be aggrieved unless it touches the pecuniary jurisdiction of the Court. (Para 12)(b) Specific Relief Act, 1963 - Section 31 - Cancellation of deed - Only Civil Courts are empowered to deal cancellation matters — Revenue Courts have not been given such powers under Specific Relief Act — Cancellation of sale-deeds is exclusively triable by Civil Courts along with the ancillary reliefs. (Para 14)(c) Civil Procedure Code — Section 100 (5) and its proviso — The question formulated in this appeal were not considered apt as substantial questions of law — The High Court being empowered considered the impact of various sections of Rajas-than Tenancy Act, 1955 in the case in hand being considered a substantial question of Law. (Para 15).(d) Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955 - Sections 40, 41 and 42 -Interpretation of these sections and their application to the. present case — The present case is for the cancellation of sale-deeds and possession — Transferor is a Khatedar as per section 14 (a) of the Act —Section 40 states that when a tenant dies intestate, his interest in his holding will devolve in accordance with the personal Law — The suit property is ancestral agricultural land — Plaintiff respondent No.l Bhagwan became co-sharer the moment he was born in the family of defendant-respondent No. 3 Uda — The share of Bhagwan cannot be sold by Uda. (Para 19)(e) Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955 - Section 41 - Transfer of Khatedari rights — How far transferable? — Section 42 and 43 specify the conditions — Section 42 will not apply if the sale is of entire interest of the tenant in the survey number. (Para 19)(f) Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955 - Section 41 - Transfer of Khatedari interest -- Where a person is holding a share in the land — The interest in the agricultural land is common but the interest in each share is individual — No question of one co-sharer obtaining permission for transfer of his share — This cannot be a condition precedent that co-sharer should also get the division of the holding — The buyer will step seller co-sharer - If there is any contro-initiate a division — A joint reading of Sees. 41 and 42 (a) clearly leads that a co-tenant or co-sharer can transfer his entire interest even in a survey number. (Para 20, 21 and 23)(g) Constitutional Function - Courts cannot be treated to be silent spectators on inconveniences suffered by the poor peusantry — Provisions of Raj. Tenancy Act are required to be moulded and shaped — The application of Section 40 with regard to the personal Law is out-dated — It may be amended to give a separate line of succession applicable to various sections of the society living in the State — The concept of Section 40 as regards personal law daughters are entitled to succession under the Tenancy Act — Even after marriage they continue to refrain co-tenants with other heirs — After becoming widow she is entitled to inherit as a widow – Thus there are two successions available to daughters — The situation is different in other States — Remedy lies in amending and consolidation of the present law. (Para 28).

       

Honble YADAV, J. — This second appeal has been filed under Section 100 C.P.C. by defendant appellants against the judgment and decree dated 30.6.1980 passed by learned District Judge, Bhilwara in Civil Appeal No. 81 of 1977 confirming the judgment and decree dated 22.12.1977 passed by the learned Civil Judge, Bhilwara in Original Civil Suit No. 34 of 1971 Bhagwana & Another vs. Khema & Others.

(2). It is Pertinent to mention that the learned District Judge, Bhilwara by his impugned judgement had decree and allowed the cross objections filed by plaintiff-respondent Bhagwana and his mother Nani under Order 41 Rule 22 C.P.C. modifying the decree passed by the learned Civil Judge decreeing the restoration of the possession by ejecting the defendant-appellants No. 1 to 3 and defendant-respondent No. 4.

(3). Civil Suit was filed by Shri Bhagwana and his mother Smt. Nani plaintiff-respondents No. 1 and 2 on the ground inter-alia that the land in dispute is an ancestral property and they are members of the joint Hindu Family and they are governed by Mitakashra School of Hindu Law. According to the plaint allegation, plaintiff No.l Bhagwana is a minor coparcener while his mother plaintiff No.2 Nani had charge over the disputed land being legally wedded wife of defendant Uda. It is also alleged in the plaint that the disputed agricultural land is ancestral acquisition in which Bhagwana plaintiff-respondent No.l is a coparcener and the defendant Uda had no right, title and interest to execute three sale deeds in favour of defendants 1 to 4. It is also alleged that the registered sale deed executed by defendant-respondent No.3 Uda on 2.4.68 in favour of Khema defendant-appellant No.l about Plot No. 1143 area 6 bigha 13 biswas for a consideration of Rs. 700/-; the second registered sale deed executed by defendant Uda on 15.5.68 in favour of Gokul defendant-respondent No.4 about Plot No. 101 area 1 Bigha 2 Biswas for a consideration of Rs. 10,000/- and third registered sale deed executed dated 15.5.68 by Shri Uda in favour of Shola and Kana defendant-appellants No. 2 and 3 about Plot No. 102 and 106 area 2 Bigha 16 Biswas with a well for consideration of Rs. 2,500/-. It is further alleged that aforesaid three registered sale deeds have been executed by Uda without their permission and without any legal necessity. It is also alleged that the aforesaid sale deeds had been executed by defendant Uda without consideration which has necessitated to file present suit for cancellation of three sale deeds and also for restoration of possession.

(4). After service on defendants No. 1 to 4 transferees as well as defendant No.5 Uda, transferor filed a joint written statement denying the plaint allegations. In their written statement it is asserted inter-alia that the land in dispute is self acquired agricultural land of Uda. It is also asserted that although Smt. Nani plaintiff No. 2 is legally wedded wife of Uda but lateron she became a lady of easy virtue and started to live in adultery with other persons and Bhagwana is born with the union of others and as such Bhagwana is not the son of Uda and Nani ceased to be legally wedded wife of Uda and as such she is not entitled to claim maintenance from Uda.

(5). On the basis of the aforesaid pleadings of the parties, necessary issues were framed by learned Civil Judge and both the parties were allowed to adduce their oral and documentary evidence in support of their respective claims.

(6). Learned Civil Judge on the basis of evidence adduced by both the parties held that the disputed agricultural land is ancestral acquisition. In respect of Plot No. 101 it is held that it was acquired by Uda by registered sale deed on 28.5.66 from Mohan Lal but according to learned Civil Judge Plot No. 101 which was acquired by Uda was acquired by him with the Learning of others agricultural ancestral land. Since the aforesaid Plot No. 101 was acquired by him with the earning of ancestral agricultural land having common nucleu

















































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