IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH AT SHIMLA
Sandeep Sharma, J.
Piar Singh - Petitioner
Versus
Dishant Constructions - Respondent
Cr.M.M.O. No. 81 of 2017
Decided On : 27-06-2017
Section 311 Cr.P.C. - Application for summoning bank official as witness - Summary of Acts and Sections: Section 138 of the Negotiable Instrument Act - Summary: The court discussed the provisions of Section 311 Cr.P.C. and its interpretation by the Hon’ble Apex Court, emphasizing the power of the court to summon any person as a witness or recall and re-examine any witness at any stage of trial if essential for the just decision of the case. The court also highlighted the need for exercising this power judiciously and with circumspection, ensuring that it does not cause prejudice to the accused or permit the prosecution to fill up lacunae. The court found that the onus was on the complainant to prove the withdrawal of money from the bank, and therefore, the application to summon the bank official was not necessary for the just decision of the case.
Fact of the Case:
The respondent-complainant filed a complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instrument Act against the petitioner-accused for dishonoring a cheque. The petitioner-accused filed an application under Section 311 Cr.P.C. to summon a bank official as a witness, which was dismissed by the trial court. The petitioner-accused appealed against this order.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the application to summon the bank official as a witness was not necessary for the just decision of the case, as the onus was on the complainant to prove the withdrawal of money from the bank. Therefore, the impugned order dismissing the application was upheld.
Issues: The main issue was whether the trial court's dismissal of the application under Section 311 Cr.P.C. was justified.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the power to summon a witness or recall and re-examine any witness under Section 311 Cr.P.C. should be exercised judiciously and with circumspection, ensuring that it does not cause prejudice to the accused or permit the prosecution to fill up lacunae. The court also emphasized that the onus to prove allegations is always upon the person who alleges the same.
Final Decision: The court upheld the impugned order dismissing the application to summon the bank official as a witness, and consequently, dismissed the appeal.
Sandeep Sharma, J.
Being aggrieved with the order dated 6.1.2017 passed by learned Judicial Magistrate 1st Class (Junior Division), Mandi in case No.84-1/2011, whereby application having been filed by the petitioner-accused under Section 311 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Cr.P.C.’) came to be dismissed, petitioner-accused has approached this Court by way of instant petition filed under Section 482 Cr.P.C. praying therein for setting aside the aforesaid impugned order.
2. Briefly stated facts, as emerged from the record, are that the respondent-complainant filed a complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instrument Act, in the Court of learned trial Court against the present petitioner-accused, alleging therein that the petitioner-accused in order to discharge his liability on account of debt towards the respondent-complainant, issued a cheque bearing No.942861, dated 15.11.2010, amounting to Rs.3,80,000/- drawn on Punjab National Bank, Bharmour (Chamba) Branch in favour of respondent-complainant. Since cheque referred above came to be dishonoured on its presentation, respondent-complainant served statutory demand notice on the petitioner calling upon him to make the payment good within stipulated time. Since petitioner-accused failed to make payment good, respondent-complainant was constrained to file complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instrument Act.
3. Learned trial Court taking note of preliminary evidence adduced on record by the complainant, put notice of accusation on the petitioner under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instrument Act, which he pleaded not guilty and claimed trial. It also emerged from the record that respondent-complainant in support of his complaint himself stepped into witness box as a sole witness and evidence of respondent-complainant was closed on 20.9.2014, whereafter petitioner-accused led his evidence and the same was also closed on 13.7.2016. Subsequently, on 11.8.2016 petitioner filed an application under Section 311 Cr.P.C. praying therein for summoning and examining bank official from the Kangra Central Cooperative Bank Limited Manali Branch, as a witness.
4. Perusal of application preferred under Section 311 Cr.P.C. suggests that since respondent-complainant during his cross-examination stated that cheque amount was given to the petitioner-accused after withdrawing the same from his saving bank account in Kangra Central Cooperative Bank Limited Manali Branch, petitioner-accused by way of aforesaid application made a prayer that he may be allowed to examine official of Kangra Central Cooperative Bank as a witness.
5. On the other hand, respondent-complainant opposed aforesaid prayer of petitioner-accused and sought dismissal of application on the ground that the application has been filed at a belated stage solely with a view to fill up the lacuna.
6. Learned trial Court vide order dated 6.1.2017 dismissed the aforesaid application filed by the accused on the ground that allowing of application at this stage would amount to filling up of lacuna, if any, which has crept in the defence set up by the accused. Learned Court below, on the basis of record, also concluded in the impugned order that complainant has himself stepped into witness box as a sole witness to support his complaint and it has come in his cross-examination that he had withdrawn the money given to accused from his account in Kangra Central Cooperative Bank, Chamba and as such onus was rather upon complainant to lead evidence to establish that he had withdrawn the money from his account in Kangra Central Cooperative Bank, Manali Branch.
7. Mr. Malay Kaushal, learned counsel representing the petitioner, while inviting attention of this Court to Section 311 Cr.P.C., vehemently contended that impugned order passed by learned trial Court is not sustainable as the same is not in consonance with the provisions contained in Section 311 Cr.P.C. wherein it has been provided as under:-
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