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1977 Supreme(J&K) 80

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AT JAMMU
A.S. Anand, J.
B.M. Tandon - Appellant
Versus
Maharaj Kishan Raina - Respondent
Cr. Miscellaneous Petition No. 54/1977
Decided On : 01 December, 1977

Advocates Appeared:
Advocate For Appellant: H.L. Bhagotra
Advocate For Respondent: K.S. Puri

The offenses under Sections 420 (cheating) and 406 (criminal breach of trust) of the RPC are mutually exclusive and cannot be prosecuted simultaneously against the same accused on the same set of facts.

Headnote:

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE, 1898 - SECTION 420, 406, 561-A - CHEATING AND DISHONESTLY INDUCING DELIVERY OF PROPERTY - CRIMINAL BREACH OF TRUST - QUASHING OF PROCEEDINGS - TRANSFER OF CASE - INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION.

Fact of the Case:

Petitioner sought to quash criminal proceedings against him for cheating and criminal breach of trust, alleging that the complaint did not disclose any offense and that the dispute was civil in nature. Alternatively, he requested the transfer of the case from Srinagar to Jammu for convenience.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the complaint did not disclose an offense under Section 420 of the RPC (cheating) as it did not allege that the petitioner had the intention to deceive the complainant at the time of making the representation. The court further held that the offenses under Sections 420 and 406 of the RPC (criminal breach of trust) are mutually exclusive and cannot be prosecuted simultaneously against the same accused on the same set of facts.

Issues: 1. Whether the complaint disclosed an offense under Section 420 of the RPC (cheating). 2. Whether the offenses under Sections 420 and 406 of the RPC are mutually exclusive. 3. Whether the proceedings should be quashed or transferred.

Ratio Decidendi: 1. To establish cheating under Section 420 of the RPC, it is essential that the dishonest intention exists at the time of making the representation. The complaint did not allege such intention, hence no offense under Section 420 was made out. 2. Sections 420 and 406 of the RPC are mutually exclusive. Section 420 postulates fraudulent receipt of goods, while Section 406 contemplates voluntary entrustment and subsequent misappropriation. Both offenses cannot be prosecuted simultaneously against the same accused on the same set of facts. 3. The complaint sufficiently alleged an offense under Section 406 of the RPC (criminal breach of trust), justifying a normal criminal trial. Quashing of proceedings was not warranted.

Final Decision: The court dismissed the petition to quash the proceedings, except to the extent of quashing the proceedings under Section 420 of the RPC. The court also rejected the prayer for transfer of the case, finding no valid ground for the same.

The petitioner has filed this application under Section 561-A of the Cr. P. C. for quashing of the Proceedings titled "Sh. Maharaj Kishan Raina Vs B. M. Tondon in a criminal complaint pending in the Court of City Magistrate Srinagar. An alternative prayer has been made for the transfer of the said case from the court of the City Magistrate Srinagar to some other court of competent jurisdiction at Jammu in the event the proceedings are not quashed.

2. The respondent herein filed a complaint in the court of C. J. M, Srinagar wherein it was alleged by him that he was carrying on the business of the manufacture of PVC cables in the Industrie1 Estate at Burzalla and for that purpose was importing material outside the country That on a representation made by the petitioner at Srinagar, that he would collect the goods imported by the complainant and send the same to him at Srinagar, the respondent gave an authority to him to collect the goods at part of receipt and dispatch the same him. The respondent gave blank forms duly signed by him, to enable the petitioner to receive the goods at the port which were subject matter of four import permits issued by the Govt. of India. It is then alleged by the respondent in his complaint that if the accused had not represented that he would clear and receive the goods and despatch the same to the respondent he would not have given the signed blank froms and the authority to the petitioner. It is further alleged in the complaint that the petitioner collected the goods covered by the import licences and did not send the same to the respondent and retained the goods without any right to do so in breach of trust. On these averments the respondent had prayed that the petitioner be summoned for the offences under section 406/420 of the R. P. C. and after enquiry be punished for the same offences.

3. After recording the preliminary evidence, warrants were issued against the petitioner on 22-8-74. The petitioner was not served as he kept on evading service on numerous occasions and the warrnats issued for his production could not executed. The present petition for quashing of the proceedings was filed on 15-6-76, when the warrnats had not been executed and the petitioner had not appeared even once before the trial court at Srinagar.

4. Mr. H. L. Bhagotra, appearing for the petitioner submits that the contents of the complaint do not disclose the commission of any offence and that in fact the respondent owned a sum of Rs.21.OOO/- to the petitioner and when a demand was made for the payment of that amount a false and frivolous complain was lodged by him. It is also urged that the dispute between the parties is of a civil nature and that the criminal complaint has been filed only to harras the petitioner and that the proceedings therefore are an abuse of process of the court. In the alternative Mr. Bhagotra has prayed that the case be transferred to a competent court at Jammu since the petitioner belongs to Jullunder and if the case is tried at Jammu it will be to the convenience of the parties Mr. Bhagotra further states that the petitioner is ready and willing to pay the expenses of the witnesses of complainant for their appearance at Jammu.

5. Mr. Puri appearing for the respondent has on the other hand urged that a bare reading of the complaint shows that the petitioner had committed the offence alleged against him and that this court should not interfere at this preliminary stage. He has further submitted that the normal process of a criminal trial should not be permitted to be cut short by this method.

6. I have given my anxious considerations to the respective contentions raised at the bar.

Sec. 420 of the R P. C. reads as under :

"Whether cheats and thereby dishonestly induces the person deceived to deliver any preperty to any person or to make alter or destroy the whole or any part of a valuable security, or anything which is signed or sealed, and which is capable of being converted into a valuable secu









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