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2009 Supreme(J&K) 482

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AT JAMMU
Barin Ghosh,Sunil Hali, JJ.
National Insurance Co. - Appellant
Versus
Poshkar Nath Pandita & Sons - Respondent
Condonation (C) No. D-98/2008 & CIMA No. 150/2008
Decided On : 12 November, 2009

Advocates Appeared:
Advocate For Appellant: C.S. Gupta
Advocate For Respondent: Anil Sethi

The claim resulting from terrorist activities is covered by the insurance policy, and the defenses of limitation, peril coverage, and lack of evidence were dismissed by the court.

Headnote:

Insurance - Compensation Claim - The court held that the claim is not barred by law and remitted the matter to the Commission for re-examination on merit. The Division Bench answered that the claim resulting from terrorist activities is covered by the policy. The Insurance Company's defenses of limitation, peril coverage, and lack of evidence were dismissed by the court.

Fact of the Case:

The claimants sought compensation from the appellant for loss due to malicious activities under an insurance policy. The Commission initially held the claim as not entertainable, but the Division Bench interfered with the decision and remitted the matter to the Commission for re-examination.

Finding of the Court:

The court dismissed the Insurance Company's defenses and found no reason to interfere with the judgment and award of the Tribunal, ultimately dismissing the appeal.

Issues: The issues included the entertainability of the claim, coverage of the claim under the policy, and the defenses raised by the Insurance Company.

Ratio Decidendi: The court found that the claim resulting from terrorist activities is covered by the policy and dismissed the Insurance Company's defenses of limitation, peril coverage, and lack of evidence.

Final Decision: The appeal failed, and the court dismissed the same.

1. The claimants before the Commission, respondents herein, approached the Commission seeking compensation from the appellant for loss suffered by them, as a result of malicious activities of certain unknown persons, under a policy of Insurance issued by the appellant. The Commission held that the claim is not entertainable as the same is barred by law. On an appeal, the said decision of the Commission was interfered with when, looking into various documents, including some which were not produced before the Commission, the Division Bench felt that the claim cannot be said to be spurious or belated. However, inasmuch as those documents were not before the Commission, while the Division Bench observed that the reasons assigned by the Commission that the claim is not substantiated by the contemporaneous documents does not appear to be a correct finding, felt that the matter needs re-examination on merit by the Commission. Before the Division Bench, it was contended by the respondent-Insurance Company that the claim having been resulted by reason of terrorist activities does not come within the peril of mischief covered by the policy. The Division Bench answered that question against the Insurance Company. While remitting the matter to the Commission, the Division Bench granted liberty to it to go into the question as to whether the incident in question is covered by any of the clauses of the policy. Therefore, as appears to us the entire matter was remitted to the Commission. Before the Commission, three defences were taken by the Insurance Company, namely that the claim was barred by limitation; the claim arising out of loss for the incident is not one of the perils covered by the Insurance policy; and, there is no evidence that the incident took place.

2. In the instant case the admitted facts are that the incident allegedly took place on January 28, 1991. A request to depute a surveyor was received by the Insurance Company on February 5, 1991. The Insurance Company neither deputed a surveyor nor deputed an investigator. The claim was presented before the Commission on July 25, 1995.

3. Learned counsel for appellant-Insurance Company drew our attention to the judgment of the Honble Supreme Court rendered in the case of Kandimalla Ragavaiah and Company v. National Insurance Company, reported in (2009) 7 Supreme Court Cases 768. In that case, the Honble Supreme Court was dealing with the provisions of limitation as prescribed in Section 24A of the Consumer Protection Act 1986 which says in no uncertain terms, that the Commission shall not admit a complaint unless it is filed within two years from the date on which the cause of action has arisen. The Honble Supreme Court found as a fact that cause of action by reason of the peril covered by the Insurance policy, i. e., fire, arose on March 22, 1988; whereas the claim was filed on October 24, 1997 and, accordingly, held that the claim was barred by time. The Consumer Protection Act 1986, under which the Commission was constituted and before whom the claim was lodged, in Section 24A provides that the Divisional Forum and the State Commission may not admit a complaint unless it is filed within two years from the date on which cause of action has arisen. Therefore, insofar as the law applicable to this State is concerned, it is not a complete bar on the State Commission to entertain a claim beyond two years from the date on which the cause of action has arisen, the same is discretionary. However, in view of Sub-section (2) of Section 24A of the State Act, which authorises the Commission to condone delay for reasons to be recorded, it must be deemed that the discretion granted to it by Sub section (1) of Section 18A must always be used in not entertaining a complaint beyond two years from the date on which the cause of action arises, unless delay is condoned. However, inasmuch as, in the instant case, after having had considered the respective contentions of the parties, the Division Be






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