ANATHANARAYANAN, J

Anathanarayanan, JThese are connected Letters Patent Appeals from the order of Balakrishna Ayyar, J., in Writ Petitions Nos. 443 and 450 of 1959 before him, in both of which the petitioner was the management of the Express Newspapers (Private), Ltd. In Writ Appeal No. 73 of 1959, the appellants are the workers and staff of the Express Newspapers (Private), Ltd., represented by the secretary of Employees' Union, and another. In Writ Appeal No. 85 of 1959 the appellant is the management of the Express Newspapers (Private), Ltd. In Writ Petition No. 450 of 1959, the learned Judge directed that issue of a writ of prohibition, barring the industrial tribunal from proceeding into the first part of the first question and the first part of the second question referred to it by Government, in a reference under S. 10(1)(d) of the Industrial Disputes Act. In Writ Petition No. 443 of 1959, which related to an order of the Government simultaneously issued under S.10(3) of the Act, the learned Judge held that no orders were necessary beyond a certain clarification, which he accordingly made.

2. The background of facts in relation to which these references by Governme