Under Sec. 11 of the Indian Divorce Act, if a divorce petition is based on adultery, the plaintiff is required to include the adulterer as a party to the suit, unless exempted under specific grounds.

RAMAPRASADA RAO, J. :- The husband went to court seeking for a divorce under Sec. 10 of the Indian Divorce Act on the ground that the defendant was unfaithful to him from December 1972 and that she was guilty of adultery. In the pleadings, the plaintiff as husband has set out in the various paragraphs the illegal conduct of the defendant and her illicit connections with the various named persons. In fact, he would allege that he had to leave the residence along with his children to his uncle' s house unable to bear the misconduct of the defendant. He so separated himself from her on 13-1-1973. He says that the defendant is living the life of a prostitute and would add that she is living as the mistress of one Murali. In general, the case of the plaintiff-husband is that the defendant was leading an adulterous life with men known and unkonwn. He did not, however, make the adulterers as parties to this suit. The defendant' s case was that she led such a life because of her husband himself and that on many occasions she refused to succumb to the invitation of the plaintiff to, commit such indecent acts and that this is the reason for the suit.

2. We are not inclined at this stage to go into the merits of this case because Mr. A. R. Ramachandran who was appointed as amicus curiae took a preliminary objection that this suit under Sec. 10 of the Act is not maintainable, since the plaintiff has not shown sufficient cause for having excluded the adulterer as a party to the litigation. He brought to our notice Sec. 11 of the Act and contends that the suit is not maintainable. Learned counsel for the plaintiff, no doubt, is conscious of this position, but his case is that after 13-1-1973. the defendant was leading the life of a prostitute and that therefore there was no occasion for him to have made a particular individual as a co-defendant in the suit. Ordinarily this submission would have had some force. But the pleadings in the instant case disclosed that the petitioner knew who the adulterers were. Sec. 11 (1) of the Act says that if a petition for divorce is presented by a husband on the ground of adultery, the plaintiff is obliged to make the adulterer as a party to it unless he is exempted from so doing on any one of the grounds enumerated in Sec. 11. The first ground on which he could seek for such an excuse is that the defendant wife is leading the life of a prostitute and that the plaintiff knows no person with whom the adultery has been committed. This sub-sec. (1) of Sec. 11, therefore, contemplates that even though there is the allegation that the wife is leading the life of a prostitute, the husband is not aware of the name of the person with whom the adultery has been committed. Sub-sec. (2) of Sec. 11 says that the adulterer is not at all known to the petitioner plaintiff and in spite of his efforts he could not discover his name. Thirdly under sub-sec. (3) of Sec. 11 of the Act, if the adulterer is dead, he need not be made a party. The second and the third sub-sections of Sec. 11 do not come into play in this case. So far as the first sub-section is concerned one limb of it is satisfied because the allegation is that the wife was leading the life of a prostitute. The other limb of the sub-section has not been complied with. It says that he could only seek for an excuse from impleading the adulterer if he does not know the name of any one person with whom, the adultery has been committed. We have already observed that in the relevant portion of the pleadings, the petitioner has given the names of the persons with whom the defendant is said to have been living in adultery during the first period, namely, before 13-1-1973 and also those who committed such adultery after that period. In fact, he would categorically admit that the defendant was leading the life of a harlot committing adultery with known and unknown persons. Such being the position, the plaintiff cannot plead at this stage, that he does not know the