High Court of Judicature at Madras
THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE R. BALASUBRAMANIAN
N.M. Palanimuthu
Versus
The Commissioner HR & CE (Admn.) Dept. and five others Respondents.
C.R.P. No. 916 of 1995
Decided On : 12-02-1999
LIMITATION ACT - SECTION 5 - APPLICABILITY TO SUIT UNDER SECTION 70 OF TAMIL NADU HINDU RELIGIOUS AND CHARITABLE ENDOWMENTS ACT - SUIT UNDER SECTION 70 IS A CONTINUATION OF STATUTORY PROCEEDING AND NOT AN INDEPENDENT ACT - SECTION 5 OF LIMITATION ACT APPLIES TO SUCH SUITS - TIME REQUISITE FOR OBTAINING CERTIFIED COPY OF ORDER CAN BE EXCLUDED IN COMPUTING LIMITATION PERIOD.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner filed a suit under Section 70 of the Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Act, 1959 (Endowments Act) against the order of the Commissioner of HR & CE, Madras passed under Section 69 of the Endowments Act. The suit was filed after the expiry of the 90-day limitation period prescribed under Section 70(1)(ii) of the Endowments Act. The petitioner filed an application under Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963 (Limitation Act) seeking condonation of the delay. The trial court dismissed the application holding that Section 5 of the Limitation Act is not applicable to suits under Section 70 of the Endowments Act.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the suit under Section 70 of the Endowments Act is a continuation of the statutory proceeding commenced under Section 63 of the Endowments Act and is not an independent act. The court further held that Section 5 of the Limitation Act applies to such suits and the time requisite for obtaining a certified copy of the order challenged can be excluded in computing the limitation period.
Issues: 1. Whether Section 5 of the Limitation Act applies to a suit under Section 70 of the Endowments Act? 2. Whether the time requisite for obtaining a certified copy of the order challenged can be excluded in computing the limitation period for filing a suit under Section 70 of the Endowments Act?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the suit under Section 70 of the Endowments Act is a continuation of the statutory proceeding commenced under Section 63 of the Endowments Act and is not an independent act. The court relied on the judgment of a Division Bench of the same court in Tholappa Iyengar etc. v. Executive Officer, Sri Kallalagar Devasthanam, 1993 (2) L.W. 537, which held that a suit under Section 70 of the Endowments Act is in continuation of the statutory proceeding and not an independent act. 2. The court held that Section 115 of the Endowments Act, which provides for exclusion of time requisite for obtaining a certified copy of the order challenged in computing the limitation period for any proceeding, suit, appeal or application for revision against any order or decree passed under the Endowments Act, is at variance with Section 12(2) of the Limitation Act, which provides for exclusion of such time only in respect of appeals and applications for leave to appeal, revision or review. The court held that the inclusion of "suit" in Section 115 of the Endowments Act is a clear indication that Section 5 of the Limitation Act is not excluded but is made applicable to suits under Section 70 of the Endowments Act.
Final Decision: The court allowed the revision petition, set aside the order of the trial court dismissing the application for condonation of delay, and remitted the application back to the trial court for fresh disposal in accordance with law, applying Section 5 of the Limitation Act.
1. The revision petitioner is the plaintiff in the un-numbered plaint in O.S. on the file of the Sub-Court, Salem and the petitioner in I.A.No. 471 of 1994 in that un-numbered suit. The respondents are the defendants in the said un-numbered suit and the respondents in that application. That un-numbered suit was filed under section 70 of the Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Act 1959 as amended by Act 39 of 1996, hereinafter referred to as the Endowments Act, against the order of the Commissioner of HR & CE, Madras passed under section 69 of the Endowments Act. Under Section 70(1 )(ii) of the Endowments Act, the time prescribed for filing the suit is fixed as within 90 days from the date of the receipt of such order. On the date when the suit was filed before the Sub-Court, Salem since the 90 days period had expired, an application under section 5 of the Limitation Act bearing I.A.No.471 of 1994 came to be filed with a request to condone the delay of 131 days in filing the said suit. That application was dismissed holding that the Court has no power to condone as the Limitation Act is not applicable. Hence the present revision before this Court.
.2. I heard Mr. T.L. Ram Mohan learned Senior counsel appearing for the revision petitioner ; Mr.V. Srikanth learned Government Advocate on the civil side for R1 to R4 and Mr. W.C. Thirivengadam learned counsel appearing for R5 and R6. The learned trial Judge had dismissed the said application holding that in as much as the proceeding before the court being a suit, there is no question of condoning the delay in filing the said suit as section 5 of the Limitation Act 1963, hereinafter referred to as the Limitation Act, do not enable any court to condone the delay in filing a suit though such a power is vested in respect of other proceedings before the court. In other words, solely on the ground that there is no power to condone the delay in filing the said suit and without going into the question whether there is any sufficient cause or not in filing the suit belatedly, the issue had been decided against the plaintiff. Mr.T.L. Ram Mohan learned senior counsel for the petitioner contended that the suit as provided for under section 70 of the Endowments Act is not a suit as known in the common legal parlance. Cases normally known as suits in common legal parlance are those suits which are not provided under any enactment or Statute (both Central or State), but only relates to those cases where a citizen approaches the court directly to enforce his remedy. According to the learned senior counsel, a reading of the Scheme of the Endowments Act would only indicate that the suit provided for under section 70 of the Endowments Act is nothing but a continuation of the proceeding under the said Act itself and therefore it must be characterised only as a Statutory suit different from a regular and conventional suit. In that event section 5 of the Limitation Act would apply. The learned Government Advocate on the civil side would argue that the order of the learned Sub-Judge is in accordance with law and no interference is called for. Mr. W.C. Thiruvengadam learned counsel appearing for R5 and R6 would argue that there is no basis or principle on which the suit provided for under section 70 of the Endowments Act can be construed to be a suit different from the one that is normally known in common legal parlance. It is not possible to make any distinction between the two types of suits, though the one on hand is provided for under the Statute. When this being the position and when in respect of ordinary suits there is no question of extending the period of limitation in filing the said suit, the same principle would apply to the suits provided for under section 70 of the Endowments Act. Therefore the submission of the learned counsel for R5 and R6 is that the Limitation Act will have no application to the suit on hand.
3. In the light of the arguments advanced by the l
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