How to determine if extra-judicial confessions can be used to convict a co-accused? What is the standard for convicting a case based on circumstantial evidence without corpus delicti? What is the court's stance on the sufficiency of evidence for conspiracy and murder under IPC sections 120B, 302, 304A?

Key Points: - Accused 2 cannot be convicted on the basis of an extra-judicial confession to P.W.5 due to lack of reliability and absence of independent corroboration (!) . - The court held that conspiracy to murder was not proven by satisfactory evidence; circumstantial evidence did not conclusively establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt (!) (!) . - The prosecution failed to establish murder or 304A (rash/negligent act) against the second accused; no conclusive evidence of Thiopentone administration or correlative death (!) (!) (!) . - Corpus delicti (dead body) was not conclusively established; multiple skulls and absence of direct corpus delicti undermine murder conviction (!) . - Numerous stays and movements of Kala were found to be unproven or falsified by documentary evidence; identification and witness reliability issues undermined key allegations (!) (!) (!) (!) . - Key witness pacing: Prosecution witnesses (PWs 2, 5, 7-9, 24-25, 64, 71, etc.) were found unreliable or introduced as police witnesses; identification parades and trip sheets were deemed unreliable or falsified (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) . - Trial court’s findings on charges 3 (murder), 4 (conspiracy), 5-7 (removal of body), and 8 (404) were overturned; appeals allowed and acquittals entered; State’s CA 985 dismissed (!) (!) (!) .

How to determine if extra-judicial confessions can be used to convict a co-accused?

What is the standard for convicting a case based on circumstantial evidence without corpus delicti?

What is the court's stance on the sufficiency of evidence for conspiracy and murder under IPC sections 120B, 302, 304A?