2001 Supreme(Mad) 916
High Court of Judicature at Madras
K. SAMPATH
S. Krishnamurthy, Joint Family Manager and another
Versus
Thakkar K.G. Krishnaswamy
Review Application No.115 of 2000 in S.A.No.1573 of 1987
Decided On: 17-08-2001
Mr.P.Seetharaman, Advocate for Petitioner. Mr.R.Devaraj for Mr.M.Sriram, Advocate for Respondents Nos. 1 to 4.
Headnote:
Review Petition - Property Dispute - Minor Inams Abolition and Conversion into Ryotwari Act, 1963 - [SUMMARY OF ACT SECTIONS REFERENCED: Minor Inams Abolition and Conversion into Ryotwari Act, 1963, Order 47 Rule 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure, Article 215 of the Constitution of India] - The court dismissed the review petition seeking to challenge the judgment on the grounds of error apparent on the face of the record, violation of principles of natural justice, and constitutional rights. The court emphasized that the review petition must demonstrate an error that is self-evident and does not require a long process of reasoning to establish. The court also highlighted the limitations of the review power and the distinction between an erroneous decision and an error apparent on the face of the record. The court concluded that no case for review was made out.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiff sought a permanent injunction to prevent interference with the possession of the suit property, claiming entitlement based on the services performed by his grandfather and father in the temple. The defendants contested the plaintiff's hereditary right to the services and possession of the property, leading to the dismissal of the suit by the lower courts.
Finding of the Court:
The court dismissed the review petition, emphasizing that the review power is limited to correcting errors apparent on the face of the record and cannot be used as an appeal in disguise. The court also highlighted the need for a self-evident error that does not require a long process of reasoning to establish. The court concluded that no case for review was made out.
Issues: The issues revolved around the plaintiff's claim of hereditary right to the services and possession of the property, the application of the Minor Inams Abolition and Conversion into Ryotwari Act, 1963, and the grounds for seeking a review of the judgment.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the need for an error that is self-evident and does not require a long process of reasoning to establish in order to warrant a review. The court also highlighted the limitations of the review power and the distinction between an erroneous decision and an error apparent on the face of the record.
Final Decision: The review petition was dismissed, and no order as to costs was made.
1. The petitioner seeks review of the judgment of David Christian, J. (as the learned Judge then was) in S.A.No.1573 of 1987. The grounds urged for review are as follows:
It has been found by the Courts below that the plaintiff’s grandfather and father were performing the services in the temple from the year 1922. Still they chose to dismiss the suit filed by the plaintiff for a permanent injunction preventing the defendants from interfering otherwise than by due process of law. Having observed that the plaintiff questioned the title of the temple to the suit lands, the learned Judge ought to have found that the plaintiff and his father were prima facie entitled to ryotwari patta under the provisions of the Minor Inams Abolition and Conversion into Ryotwari Act, 1963. In the submission of the learned Counsel, the description of the plaintiff’s father as the temporary oczhiandar for the time being in the proceedings of the Settlement Tahsilder under Exs.A-1 and AA2 was only incidental to the grant of ryotwari patta and made in a summary manner. The learned Judge erred in taking into consideration that the family of the original grantee became extinct and that prior to the appointment of the plaintiff’s grandfather, service holders came from different families. The learned Judge ought to have considered the title independently, notwithstanding the orders passed under Exs.A-1 and A-2. There is also no evidence to show that the plaintiff’s elder brother late Sri Ramachandra Sastri obtained the consent of his father or any other male member of the family before deposing before the Settlement Tahsilder. The learned Judge erred in ignoring the plaintiff’s legitimate expect ation to continue in service. In the light of the Supreme Court decision in State of Tamil Nadu v. Ramalingaswamigal Madam , AIR 1986 SC 794 the learned Judge ought to have held that the plaintiff was entitled to seek a permanent injunction to protect his long possession against interference from the defendants otherwise than by due process of law.
2. The suit came to be filed for permanent injunction restraining the defendants from interfering with the enjoyment and possession of the suit property by the plaintiff alleging as follows:
Originally the suit property was granted as inam in favour of one Sesha Shastri and after him, it devolved in favour of his heir Subramania Shastri. Subrarmania Shastri died issueless and the family became extinct. The grant was made in favour of the persons who were to do the said oozhiam or service to the temple. After Subramania Shastri’s death, one Subbaraya lyer was appointed to’ perform the said services. After a few years he also stopped doing the services. In 1922 the paternal grandfather of the plaintiff by name Raju Shastri was appointed to do the said oozhiam. He was doing the oozhiam till 1932 and retired due to old age. From 1932 the plaintiff’s father Easwara Shastri was appointed as oozhiamdar. At the time he was made oozhiamdar, the properties had been encumbered to third parties by the previous inamdars. The plaintiff’s father gave a petition to Revenue Authorities and obtained an order of resumption of lands in 1945. Thereafter, the properties were resumed by the plaintiff’s father a nd were in his possession and enjoyment. During settlement proceedings also ryotwari patta was granted in favour of the plaintiff’s father. He had put up a house in the suit schedule property and he was raising crops in the rest of the lands by installing a motor pumpset in the well. Only if the oozhiamdar died without any issue or legal heirs, the temple could appoint another person. But, the plaintiff being the son of Easwara Shastri and was doing service for 12 years after the father became old and the lands having been endowed for the purpose of performing services to the temple, the lands could not be utilised for any other purpose by the temple. The temple had no right to lease out the lands to third parties. At the in