Ratio-Amendment seeking relief of partition and separate possession of a share in properties may be allowed.

The plaintiffs are the petitioners. The suit is by the widow of Velusami Gounder for herself and as next friend of her daughters who are the second and third plaintiffs for past and future maintenance against her husband who was the first defendant. Subsequent to suit the first defendant died leaving behind him the petitioners and two sons and his mother as heirs. The sons and mother are impleaded as defendants 7 to 9. Consequent on the death of the first defendant, the plaintiffs who have a half share in the suit properties filed I.A.No. 1305 of 1969 for amendment of the plaint in the altered circumstances seeking to claim partition and separate possession of their half share. The application was opposed by the third defendant on the ground that the amendment, if allowed, will change the character of the suit as also the cause of action. The trial Court upheld the objection and dismissed the application. The present civil revision petition is filed against the said order.

2. The suit as originally filed was one for maintenance and the cause of action for the suit was the husband’s neglect to maintain the plaintiffs. By reason of the husband’s death, the right of the plaintiffs has enlarged giving rise to a claim for partition and separate possession of a half share as and from the date of the death of the husband. Ordinarily the decree in a suit should accord with the rights of the parties as they stand at the date of the institution of the suit. But where it is shown that the original relief claimed has by reason of the subsequent change of circumstances become inappro-

priate or that it is necessary to have a decision of the Court in the altered circumstances in order to shorten the litigation or to do complete justice between the parties, it is incumbent upon the Court to take note of the altered circumstances which happened subsequent to the filing of the suit, and mould its decree according to the circumstances at the time the decree is made.

3. In the present case, the plaintiffs claimed future maintenance and after the death of the first defendant no decree for maintenance subsequent to the date of his death could be granted as the plaintiffs will be entitled to a higher right, namely, one of partition. In order, therefore, to facilitate the grant of a decree and shorten the litigation it is just and necessary that the amendment is ordered.

4. In the Full Bench decision reported in Sundaram Iyer, in re.1, it was held at page 119 as follows:

“Broadly and generally stated, the rule is that the rights of parties have to be determined and pronounced upon as on the date of commencement of the ‘lis’ before the Court. This is not, however, a stubborn or inflexible rule and it has to give way in instances where, unless the subsequent events are considered and taken into account, gave injustice would result or the decision of the Court would become a mockery. A spouse applies for restitution of conjugal rights. During the pendency of the proceeding, the marriage is dissolved by a decree of competent Court. The Court dealing with the restitution application is bound to have regard to the altered circumstances. A landlord sues to evict his tenant on the ground of forfeiture of lease. Before the suit is tried, the term of the lease expires. The Court can take notice of this circumstances and grant relief. It would be pedantry to multiply instances. The discretion of the Court, under its inherent powers, to adjust the rights of parties on the basis of events happening after the starting of the action, is well recognised and accepted as a rule of justice, equity and good conscience. In some cases it is almost the duty of the Court to advert to subsequent events brought to its notice lest it should fail to do substantial justice between the parties.”

5. In Bhimudu v. Pitchayya,2, Yahya Ali, J. bad to consider the need for amendment of the plaint arising after the filing of the plaint. The headnote in the said decision brings out the