MADRAS HIGH COURT
GANAPATIA PILLAI,VENKATADRI
R.Subbaraya Gounder (died)
Versus
K.R. Eswaramoorthy Gounder
App. No. 7 of 1960
Decided On : 3 August, 1962
LIMITATION ACT - ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF DEBT - EFFECT OF ACKNOWLEDGMENT MADE DURING EXTENDED PERIOD OF LIMITATION - MADRAS ACTS V OF 1954 AND 1 OF 1955 - INTERPRETATION.
Fact of the Case:
The appellant challenged the validity of an endorsement made on a promissory note during the extended period of limitation provided by Madras Acts V of 1954 and 1 of 1955, arguing that such acknowledgment could not save the suit from limitation. The appellant also claimed that the Acts prescribed a different period of limitation for the suit, and therefore, Section 19 of the Limitation Act did not apply.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the endorsement made during the extended period of limitation was valid and saved the suit from limitation. The court interpreted Madras Acts V of 1954 and 1 of 1955 as merely excluding a certain period from the computation of the limitation period prescribed under the Limitation Act, rather than prescribing a different period of limitation. Therefore, Section 19 of the Limitation Act applied, and the acknowledgment was effective.
Issues: 1. Whether an acknowledgment of debt made during the extended period of limitation provided by Madras Acts V of 1954 and 1 of 1955 was valid and could save the suit from limitation. 2. Whether Madras Acts V of 1954 and 1 of 1955 prescribed a different period of limitation for the suit, thereby excluding the application of Section 19 of the Limitation Act.
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court relied on the principle established in Samdayya v. Pedda Subbayya, 1937-2 Mad LJ 703 (AIR 1938 Mad 19), which held that an acknowledgment of debt made during the period of exclusion enacted by Section 78(2) of the Provincial Insolvency Act was effective to save the suit from the bar of limitation. 2. The court distinguished the Privy Council decision in Maqbul Ahmad v. Onkar Pratap Narain Singh, 68 Mad LJ 665 (AIR 1935 PC 85), which held that an acknowledgment made during the vacation period of the court after the expiry of the prescribed period of limitation was not valid, on the ground that Section 4 of the Limitation Act, which was interpreted in that case, did not speak of excluding any period in the computation of the limitation period, unlike Section 19 of the Limitation Act.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the appeal, holding that the suit was not barred by limitation as the acknowledgment relied on was effective to save limitation.
GANAPATIA PILLAI, J. :- This appeal is preferred by the first defendant in O. S. No. 54 of 1958 on the file of the Court of the Subordinate Judge, Colmbatore. That suit was brought by the respondent for recovery of Rs. 21794-8-0 due on a promissory note executed by the appellant. The admitted facts are these.
2. The appellant and the father of the respondent were carrying on business in partnership at Tirupur under the name and style of K. S. R. and Co. This firm became indebted to the Central Bank, Tirupur, in a large sum. in order to pay off this debt the two partners of K.S.R. and Co. borrowed Rs. 50000 by executing two promissory notes; the notes sued upon in this litigation was one and the other was the note executed by the father of the respondent in favour of one Saraswathi Ammal, a niece of the respondent. Both notes were executed on 14-3-1951.
Sometime before the execution of the promissory notes K. S. R. and Co. stopped doing business. Even while they were doing business the respondent was acting as a Banker for them receiving their monies as deposits and lending monies to them. After giving credit to the sum of Rs. 15750 towards the suit promissory note as on 29-3-1954 and other sums one of which was endorsed on the suit note as paid for principal, the balance was claimed in the plaint as due. Various defences were raised to the action but it is enough for the present appeal to mention three defences pressed before me. The first is that despite the terms of the promissory note in suit there was no agreement to pay interest on the loan.
The second is that there was an agreement between the parties that as and when collection was made of the outstandings due to K.S.R. and Co. by the respondent, such amounts should be given credit to towards the suit promissory note. It is said that if this agreement had been acted upon by the respondent a sum of Rs. 15750 actually given credit to on 29-3-1954 should have been credited even in September 1951 when it is said a sum of more than Rs. 30000 was available as deposits with the respondent representing the collections of outstandings due to the K.S.R. and Co. The third defence which was pressed before us related to the question of limitation. We will take up the points in that order.
3. Points 1 and 2 are inter-related because it is said that in the account books of the respondent no counter interest has been allowed for the collections deposited by the K.S.R. and Co. That circumstance is relied on as an indication in proof of the agreement not to collect interest on the suit promissory note. Not only the suit promissory note but also the voucher executed for the amount covered by the note Ex. A-3, mentions the term as to payment of interest.
It is true that Ex. A-3 was executed a few days after the execution of the promissory note Ex. A-1. It is also true that it is signed by defendant 3. These circumstances, in our opinion, do not make a difference. The third defendant was the partner of the K.S.R. and Co. on the date of the suit borrowing. His father, the executant of the promissory note Ex. A-1, had ceased to be a partner of this firm sometime earlier than 1951 as a result of a partition in his family. By the arrangement come to between the members of the family of the appellant, in the place of the father the third defendant was taken as a partner. In the face of the recitals in Exs. A-1, and A-3 we would require clinching evidence to show that there was an agreement between the lender and borrower not to charge interest for the suit promissory note. The respondent who was examined as a witness in the case admitted his liability to pay interest on the deposits made from out of the collections of the outstandings due to the K.S.R. and Co.
It is true the account book maintained by the respondent does not show that interest has been calculated on the deposits till now. But in the system of accounts maintained by the respondent which is on cash basis such omission is not d
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