High Court of Judicature at Madras
SRINIVASAN
Kasirajan & Another
Versus
Ramasamy Nainar
Decided On :Decided On : 07-08-1991
PARTITION - ATTACHMENT - PIOUS OBLIGATION - LIABILITY OF SONS - EXECUTION - DECREE AGAINST FATHER - BINDING ON SONS - PIOUS OBLIGATION CONTINUES AFTER PARTITION - CREDITOR CAN PROCEED AGAINST PROPERTY ALLOTTED TO SONS - BURDEN OF PROOF ON SONS TO SHOW PARTITION FAIR AND BONA FIDE - LIABILITY OF SONS NOT AFFECTED BY PARTITION - CREDITOR CAN PROCEED AGAINST SONS PROPERTY IN EXECUTION OF DECREE AGAINST FATHER - PIOUS OBLIGATION PREVAILS OVER FATHERS POWER TO ALIENATE SONS SHARE - PARTITION SUBSEQUENT TO ATTACHMENT IRRELEVANT - CREDITOR CAN CONSIDER GENUINENESS OF PARTITION - PARTITION WITHOUT PROVISION FOR PAYMENT OF DEBTS NOT BINDING ON CREDITOR - SONS BOUND BY DOCTRINE OF PIOUS OBLIGATION - CREDITOR CAN PROCEED AGAINST JOINT FAMILY PROPERTY IN HANDS OF COPARCENERS - LIABILITY OF SONS TO PAY FATHERS DEBTS NOT TAINTED WITH ILLEGALITY OR IMMORALITY - LIABILITY UNAFFECTED BY PARTITION - CREDITOR CAN SEIZE PROPERTY IN EXECUTION WITHOUT MAKING SONS PARTIES TO SUIT - SALE CANNOT BE VOIDED ON GROUND OF PARTITION - PIOUS DUTY OF SONS TO PAY FATHERS DEBT - RIGHT OF CREDITOR TO RECOVER DEBTS FROM JOINT FAMILY PROPERTY IN HANDS OF COPARCENERS - QUESTION OF FACT AS TO WHAT WAS SOLD IN EXECUTION - BURDEN OF PROOF ON SONS TO PROVE DEBT NOT BINDING OR TAINTED WITH ILLEGALITY OR IMMORALITY.
Fact of the Case:
The appellants are the sons of Ramalinga Padayachi. The said Ramalinga Padayachi his brother Muthu Padayachi and their father Thangavel Padayachi constituted a Hindu joint family owning several properties. Thangavel Padayachi and his two sons borrowed a sum of Rs. 6000/- from the respondent for family purposes on 5-11-1973 and executed a promissory note in his favour. The respondent issued a notice on 24-7-1978 to Thangavel Padayachi and his two sons calling upon them to pay the money due under the promissory note. A reply notice was issued on 2-8-1978. On 17-11-1978 the plaintiffs represented by their mother as guardian filed O.S. No. 762 of 1978 for partition and separate possession of 2/9th share in the suit properties. Thangavel Padayachi was the first defendant in the suit, Muthu Padayachi was the second defendant and Ramalinga Padayachi, the father of the plaintiffs, was the third defendant. The wife and daughters of Thangavel Padayachi were impleaded as defendants 5 to 8 in the suit on 4-9-1979. No material is available as to the fourth defendant Chinnammal, who is described as the daughter of Vadivel Padayachi.
Finding of the Court:
The liability of the sons was unaffected by partition and by virtue of the pious obligation of the son, the creditors right to execute his decree against and share of the son would continue to exist and it did not depend on the fathers power to alienate his sons Sons share.
Issues: 1. Whether the respondent is entitled to proceed against the property allotted to the appellants under the decree for partition in execution of the decree obtained by the respondent in a suit to which the appellants were not parties? 2. Whether the father of the appellants had lost his power of alienation over the property of the appellants after the division of the family properties and without a decree against the appellants themselves, the property in question cannot be proceeded against?
Ratio Decidendi: The pious obligation of the son will prevail over the power of the father to alienate his sons share. The partition being subsequent to the attachment is wholly irrelevant if the enforceability of the decree depends on the pious obligation and not on the fathers power or alienation of his sonas share.
Final Decision: The Civil Miscellaneous Second Appeal is dismissed.
This appeal arises out of a claim petition filed by the appellants herein under O. 21, R. 58 of the Code of Civil Procedure for raising the attachment over the property set out in the petition, which was item No. 1 of the properties attached by the respondent in execution of the decree obtained by him in O.S. No. 663 of 1982 on the file of District Munsif, Panruti.
2. The appellants are the sons of Ramalinga Padayachi. The said Ramalinga Padayachi his brother Muthu Padayachi and their father Thangavel Padayachi constituted a Hindu joint family owning several properties. Thangavel Padayachi and his two sons borrowed a sum of Rs. 6000/- from the respondent for family purposes on 5-11-1973 and executed a promissory note in his favour. The respondent issued a notice on 24-7-1978 to Thangavel Padayachi and his two sons calling upon them to pay the money due under the promissory note. A reply notice was issued on 2-8-1978. On 17-11-1978 the plaintiffs represented by their mother as guardian filed O.S. No. 762 of 1978 for partition and separate possession of 2/9th share in the suit properties. Thangavel Padayachi was the first defendant in the suit, Muthu Padayachi was the second defendant and Ramalinga Padayachi, the father of the plaintiffs, was the third defendant. The wife and daughters of Thangavel Padayachi were impleaded as defendants 5 to 8 in the suit on 4-9-1979. No material is available as to the fourth defendant Chinnammal, who is described as the daughter of Vadivel Padayachi.
3. On 17-8-1979 the respondent filed O.S. No. 504 of 1979 on the file of Sub Court, Cuddalore for recovery of the money due under the promissory note dated 5-11-1973 executed by Thangavel Padayachi and his two sons. On 11-2-1980 an ex parte decree was passed in the said suit directing the defendants to pay a sum of Rs. 8857/- with interest. On 8-9-1981, a preliminary decree was passed in the suit for partition filed by the appellants herein declaring their right to partition and separate possession of 2/9th share in the suit properties. The first item in the suit properties is the subject matter of dispute in this appeal. On 11-9-1981, the ex parte decree in O.S. No. 504 of 1979 was set aside and the suit was restored to file. On the same day it was transferred to the file of the District Munsif, Cuddalore, by virtue of the provisions of the Tamil Nadu Act 34 of 1980 enhancing the pecuniary jurisdiction of District Munsif. On transfer, it was numbered as O.S. No. 2311 of 1981. On 12-10-1982 the suit was transferred to the file of District Munsif, Panruti and numbered as O.S. No. 663 of 1982. On 30-12-1982 a final decree was passed in the partition suit O.S. No. 762 of 1978 allotting the first item in the suit properties to the appellants herein towards their share in the family properties. It is to be noted that excepting the father of the appellants herein, the other defendants in the suit remained ex parte and the final decree was confined to the share of the appellants in the lands. As regards the appellants share in the house property and the appellants share in the estate of their grand-father Thangavel Padayachi, who died during the pendency of the suit, the appellants were directed to file a separate application for effecting a division. Thus, the final decree effected a partial division with regard to the share of the appellants in the interests of their father Ramalinga Padayachi in the agricultural lands owned by the joint family. On 7-9-1983 the appellants took delivery of possession of the property allotted to them under the final decree by executing the same.
4. On 28-1-1984, a decree was passed in favour of the respondent in O.S. No. 663 of 1982 by the District Munsif, Panruti. It should be mentioned that the respondent had in the suit brought on record the daughters and wife of Thangavel Padayachi as his legal representatives after his death. The date of death of Thangavel Padayachi is not available.
On 28-12-1985 the respond
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