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2014 Supreme(Mad) 3903

High Court of Judicature at Madras
R. MAHADEVAN, J.
A. Eswaran
Versus
G. Komarasamy & Others
S.A. No. 973 of 2006
Decided on: 30-10-2014

Important Points

The plaintiff's failure to prove exclusive possession and the defendants' claim of right over the property by easement, prescription, necessity, grant, and long user influenced the court's decision to dismiss the suit for permanent injunction.

Subject

Property Law - Easements and Property Disputes

Headnote

Permanent Injunction - Property Dispute - The plaintiff sought permanent injunction to restrain the defendants from interfering with the suit property. The defendants claimed right over the property by easement, prescription, necessity, grant, and long user. The courts found that the plaintiff failed to prove exclusive possession and dismissed the suit.

Fact of the Case:

The plaintiff filed a suit seeking permanent injunction against the defendants for interfering with the suit property, alleging exclusive possession and unauthorized cutting of coconut trees by the defendants. The trial court and appellate court found in favor of the defendants, leading to the second appeal.

Finding of the Court:

The courts held that the plaintiff failed to prove exclusive possession of the suit property and dismissed the suit for permanent injunction. The courts also noted that the defendants had claimed right over the property by easement, prescription, necessity, grant, and long user.

Issues: The substantial questions of law involved in the second appeal were whether the plaintiff's evidence conclusively proved exclusive possession, whether the defendants were entitled to use the property by easement by prescription, and whether the rejection of plaintiff's evidence by the lower appellate court was justified.

Ratio Decidendi: The courts found that the plaintiff's evidence was insufficient to prove exclusive possession, and the defendants' claim of right over the property by easement, prescription, necessity, grant, and long user was upheld. The courts also considered the lack of action on the complaints lodged against the defendants.

Final Decision: The second appeal was dismissed, upholding the judgment and decree of the lower courts.

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant:A.K. Kumaraswamy, Advocate.
For the Respondents:T. Murugamanickam, Advocate.

Judgment

1. Plaintiff, who failed before both the courts is the appellant in the second appeal.

2. The plaintiff/appellant herein filed the abovesaid suit for the relief of permanent injunction restraining the defendants/respondents herein from interfering with item 2 of the suit property either in cutting the existing trees or to lay any claim over the item 2 property. The case of the plaintiff is as follows:-

The suit properties viz., items 1 and 2 of the plaint schedule belongs to the plaintiff having been allotted to him in a family partition. Defendants, who are adjacent land owners, have no right over the same. They have alternative way to access their lands. The plaintiff had planted coconut trees and palm trees adjacent to the fence. On 31.12.1993, the defendants had cut 12 coconut trees from item 2 of the suit property. Hence, the suit had been filed for permanent injunction.

3. The suit was resisted by the defendants/respondents herein by filing written statement as follows:-

The suit property viz., R.S.No.479/2 is a cart track which had been used for a long time by the defendants and the adjacent land owners. It had been sub-divided as such in the revenue records.

The plaintiff has no right to alter the breadth of the same or to interfere with enjoyment of the same by others. The said property had been meant only for cart track. The defendants have got right over the same by easement, prescription, necessity, grant and by long user and they have been in adverse possession of the same. The plaintiff, with the intention to block the cart track, had attempted to plant the coconut trees, for which he has no right. The plaintiff has not come to court with clean hands. The suit, framed for permanent injunction without seeking the relief of declaration, is not maintainable. The suit is bad for non-joinder and mis-joinder of necessary parties.

4. The Trial Judge framed two issues which are as follows:-

i) Whether the plaintiff is entitled to permanent injunction as prayed for?

2) To what other relief?

5. The plaintiff examined himself as PW1 and 17 documents were marked on his side. Two witnesses were examined and 27 documents were marked on the side of the defendants. Commissioner's report and plan were marked as Exs.C1 and C2. The Trial Court, on analysis of the oral and documentary evidence, found that the plaintiff was not entitled to the relief prayed for and dismissed the suit. On appeal, the appellate court concurred with the finding of the Trial Court. Aggrieved against the concurrent finding of the courts below, the present second appeal has been filed.

6. The second appeal has been admitted identifying the following questions to be the substantial questions of law involved in the second appeal:

i) Whether the courts below are right in dismissing the suit for permanent injunction especially when the documentary evidence produced by the plaintiff would conclusively prove the plaintiff's exclusive possession of the suit property?

ii) Are the courts below justified in finding that the defendants are entitled to use the suit property by way of easement by prescription especially when the defendants in their written statement claimed title (right) over the suit property?

iii) Whether the lower appellate court, being the final court of fact, is justified in rejecting the oral and documentary evidence produced on behalf of the plaintiff/appellant herein on flimsy grounds and the same are perverse and legally unsustainable?

7. The arguments advanced by Mr. A.K. Kumaraswamy, learned counsel for the appellant and by Mr. T. Murugamanickam on behalf of the respondents are heard in detail. The materials available on record are also perused.

8. Learned counsel for the appellant would submit that the defendants have no right over the suit property when the plaintiff has exclusive possession of the same.

9. Learned counsel for respondents would submit that the suit cart track is the only access to the respondents' lands and the adjacent land




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