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2022 Supreme(Mad) 3509

BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
S.S. SUNDAR, G.R. SWAMINATHAN, R. VIJAYAKUMAR, JJ.
Sasikala & Others - Appellant
Versus
The Revenue Divisional Officer cum Sub Collector, Devakottai, Sivagangai District & Others - Respondent
W.P.(MD).Nos. 6889, 8330, 13297 of 2020, 11674 of 2015 & W.A(MD)No.800 of 2022 & C.M.P(MD).No.6797 of 2022
Decided On : 02-09-2022

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioners:M. Mahaboob Athiff, B. Sekar, A. Uthayakumar, M. Mahaboob Athiff, P. Gunasekaran, Advocates. For the Respondents:R1, M. Rajarajan, Government Advocate, M. Saravanan, R2, G. Prabha Rajadurai, K. Sathiya Singh, Additional Government Pleader, Veera Kathiravan, Additional Advocate General Assisted by K. Selvaganesan, Additional Government Pleader, R3, S. Vanchinathan, G. MohanKumar, Advocates, R4, No appearance. For the Amicus Curiae:J. Bharathan, Advocate.

Headnote:(A) Transfer of Property Act, 1882 - Sections 6 and 54 - Tamil Nadu Registration Act, 1908 - Sections 22(A) and 35 - Writ petition under Article 226 - Challenge to registration of unilateral cancellation of earlier deed - Court ruled that unilateral cancellations, without mutual consent or under legal provisions, have no effect and cannot be registered as they do not extinguish rights. The Registrar has no power to accept such deeds for registration after a deed has been acted upon. (Paras 44-46)

(B) Jurisdiction of Courts - It was held that issues surrounding gift and settlement deeds must typically be resolved in civil court rather than through writ petitions, unless the registration violates statutory provisions. (Paras 46-47)

Facts of the case:
The appellants challenged the cancellation of their settlement deeds executed by the parents. The Revenue Divisional Officer’s decision was contested, arguing unilateral cancellations without consideration or consent were void. The first writ petition addressed claims of property transferred to daughters in a settlement deed that was purportedly cancelled.

Findings of Court:
The unilaterally cancelled deeds held no standing as they did not comply with statutory requirements of consent and registration law, thus the original deeds remain valid and enforceable.

Issues: Whether the Registrar has the authority to accept unilateral cancellations of grievance deeds when those deeds had already been acted upon by transferees.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reaffirmed that registration does not confer rights on cancellations unless agreed by both parties; unilateral actions are void. Affected parties must challenge such actions in civil court.

Result: Writ petitions allowed, appeals dismissed, with parties advised to seek appropriate remedies in civil courts.

Table of Content
1. writ petitions filed under article 226 challenging cancellation deeds. (Para 1 , 2)
2. reference made to conflicting judgements and legal standards regarding registration. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. registrar lacks authority to cancel registered transactional deeds. (Para 10 , 22)
4. legal framework under registration act and corresponding rules. (Para 23 , 25)
5. conclusion drawn regarding the validity of petitioners' claims. (Para 46 , 47)

JUDGMENT

(Prayer: Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, for the issuance of Writ of Certiorari, calling for the records relating to the impugned order issued by the 1st respondent in Mu.Mu.A1/2219/2015 dated 28.08.2018 and quash the same. Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, for the issuance of Writ of Mandamus, to declare the deed of cancellation dated 07.01.2009 executed by the 3rd respondent and registered on the file of the 2nd respondent as documents No.32 of 2009 as null and void and in consequence thereof direct the 2nd respondent to release the deed of partition dated 23.06.2020 registered as document no.975 of 2020 at once.)

Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, for the issuance of Writ of Mandamus, to direct the respondents to revoke the settlement deed in document No.941/2018 dated 05.12.2018 given by petitioner in favour of his son Senthur, by consider his representation dated 28.06.2020 within a time stipulated by this Court.)

Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, for the issuance of Writ of Certiorari, calling for the records relating to the registration of the cancellation of the settlement deed executed by the 3rd respondent dated 12.3.2015 registered as Document No.701/2015 on the file of the 2nd respondent and quash the same as illegal.)

Writ Appeal filed under Clause 15 of Letters Pattents, for the issuance of Writ of Certiorari, filed against the order passed in W.P(MD)No.8072 of 2016 dated 24.11.2021 by this Court.)

Common Order (S.S. Sundar.J.)

Order of Reference:

While considering the scope of entertaining writ petition under Article 226 of Constitution on India against Registration of Unilateral cancellation deed, a Division Bench of this Court in the case of P.Rukumani and others vs Amudhavalli and others reported in 2020 (1)CTC 241 held that a writ petition challenging the deed of cancellation is a misconceived remedy and set aside the judgment of learned Single Judge allowing a writ petition seeking cancellation of the cancellation deed. The Division Bench relying upon the judgment of Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Satyapaul Anand vs State of Madhya Pradesh and ors., held that aggrieved party in such cases can approach only the civil court. Since the judgment of Division Bench in P.Rukumani's case is contrary to the full Bench in Latif Estate's case and the Division Bench has referred to judgment of Hon'ble Supreme Court in Satya paul Anand's case, Hon'ble Mr. Justice S.Vaidyanathan before whom the batch of writ petitions namely W.P(MD)Nos.11674 of 2015, 8330, 13297 of 2020 and 6889 of 2020 were argued, noticed the conflicting judgements and referred the matter to a larger Bench to decide the question “whether the Registrar has the power to accept the deed of cancellation to nullify the deed of conveyance made earlier, when the deed of conveyance has already been acted upon by the transferee.” This is how the matter is now placed before this Bench by order of Hon'ble the Chief Justice.

2. From the facts in the individual cases, it is seen that the writ petition namely, W.P(MD)No.6889 of 2020 does not come under the purview of reference. Though Hon'ble Mr.Justice S.Vaithiyanathan, has posed several questions of law, while considering the individual cases, the issue that was referred to the larger bench is only about the Registration of Unilateral Cancellation deed to nullify the deed of conveyance made earlier. For the sake of convenience,

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