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2023 Supreme(Mad) 658

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
M. SUNDAR, M. NIRMAL KUMAR, JJ.
Maariyammal - Appellant
Versus
The Additional Chief Secretary to Government, Home, Prohibition & Excise Department, Chennai & Others - Respondents
H.C.P. No. 2020 of 2022
Decided On : 28-03-2023

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner:B.M. Santharam, Advocate. For the Respondents:R. Muniyapparaj, Additional Public Prosecutor assisted by M. Sylvester John, Advocate.

Headnote:

Habeas Corpus Petition - Preventive Detention - The court found that the delay in considering the representation against the preventive detention order, as provided for in Clause 5 of Article 22 of the Constitution of India, vitiates the impugned detention order. The delay of seven days excluding six public/Government holidays was deemed unjustified, leading to the allowance of the Habeas Corpus Petition and setting aside of the impugned detention order.

Fact of the Case:

The Habeas Corpus Petition was filed by the mother of the detenu challenging a preventive detention order made under 'The Tamil Nadu Prevention of Dangerous Activities of Bootleggers, Cyber law offenders, Drug-offenders, Forest-offenders, Goondas, Immoral traffic offenders, Sand-offenders, Sexual-offenders, Slum-grabbers and Video Pirates Act, 1982'. The impugned detention order was based on the detenu being a 'Goonda' under Section 2(f) of Act 14 of 1982, with the ground case being Crime No.428 of 2022 on the file of T3 Korattur Police Station.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the delay of seven days in considering the representation against the preventive detention order, as provided for in Clause 5 of Article 22 of the Constitution of India, vitiates the impugned detention order. As a result, the Habeas Corpus Petition was allowed, and the impugned detention order was set aside, directing the detenu to be set at liberty forthwith.

Issues: The main issue revolved around the delay in considering the representation sent regarding the impugned detention order, and its impact on the detenu's rights under the preventive detention order.

Ratio Decidendi: The delay in considering the representation against a preventive detention order, as provided for in Clause 5 of Article 22 of the Constitution of India, was found to have caused an infraction of the detenu's rights, leading to the vitiating of the impugned detention order.

Final Decision: The Habeas Corpus Petition was allowed, and the impugned detention order was set aside, directing the detenu to be set at liberty forthwith.

JUDGMENT

(Prayer: Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India praying for issuance of a writ of habeas corpus to call for the entire records connected with the detention order of the second respondent in No.108/BCDFGISSSV/2022 dated 06.09.2022 and quash the same and direct the respondents to produce the body and person of detenu namely Sudalaimuthu @ Venkatesh, S/o.Subbaiah, aged 22 years, detained in Central Prison, Puzhal, Chennai, before this Court and set him at liberty forthwith.)

M. Sundar, J.

1. Captioned ''Habeas Corpus Petition'' [''HCP'' for the sake of brevity] has been filed by mother of the detenu assailing a ''preventive detention order dated 06.09.2022 bearing reference No.108/BCDFGISSSV/2022'' [hereinafter ''impugned detention order'' for the sake of convenience and brevity]. To be noted, fourth respondent is the sponsoring authority and second respondent is the detaining authority as impugned detention order has been made by second respondent.

2. Impugned detention order has been made under ''The Tamil Nadu Prevention of Dangerous Activities of Bootleggers, Cyber law offenders, Drug-offenders, Forest-offenders, Goondas, Immoral traffic offenders, Sand-offenders, Sexual-offenders, Slum-grabbers and Video Pirates Act, 1982 (Tamil Nadu Act No.14 of 1982)'' [hereinafter ''Act 14 of 1982'' for the sake of convenience and clarity] on the premise that the detenu is a ''Goonda'' within the meaning of Section 2(f) of Act 14 of 1982.

3. There are two adverse cases. The ground case which is the sole substratum of the impugned detention order is Crime No.428 of 2022 on the file of T3 Korattur Police Station for alleged offences under Sections 341, 294(b), 323, 336, 427, 307 and 506(ii) of ''The Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860)'' [hereinafter ''IPC'' for the sake of convenience and clarity]. Owing to the nature of the challenge to the impugned detention order, it is not necessary to delve into the factual matrix or be detained further by facts.

4. Mr.B.M.Santharam, learned counsel for petitioner and Mr.R.Muniyapparaj, learned State Additional Public Prosecutor assisted by Mr.M.Sylvester John, learned counsel, for all respondents are before us.

5. Though several grounds have been urged in the support affidavit, learned counsel for petitioner at the hearing exhorted one point in his campaign against the impugned detention order and that one point turns on delay in considering a representation sent qua impugned detention order.

6. Responding to the submission, learned State Additional Public Prosecutor submitted to the contrary and placed before us the list of dates and the details are as follows:

''Representation dated .. 29.09.2022

Representation received on .. 03.10.2022

File submitted on .. 12.10.2022

Under Secretary dealt with on .. 12.10.2022

Deputy Secretary dealt with on .. 12.10.2022

Minister dealt with on .. 18.10.2022

Rejection letter prepared on .. 18.10.2022

Rejection letter sent to the detenu on .. 18.10.2022

Govt. Holidays:

04.10.2022, 05.10.2022, 08.10.2022, 09.10.2022, 15.10.2022 and 16.10.2022''

7. A careful perusal of the list of dates brings to light that there is seven days delay in considering the representation. As regards making an effective representation against a preventive detention order, the same is a constitutional safeguard ingrained in Clause 5 of Article 22 of the Constitution of India. If this constitutional safeguard is hampered, it vitiates the impugned detention order. We also hasten to make it clear that there cannot be any straight jacket formula with regard to number of days within which a representation has to be disposed of. Delay in considering the representation point has to be dealt with on case to case basis. Considering the facts and circumstances of the case and the nature of the matter, we find that thi

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