2017 Supreme(Ori) 517
IN THE HIGH COURT OF ORISSA, CUTTACK
SATRUGHANA PUJAHARI, J.
Biswambar Sahoo – Appellant
Versus
State of Odisha – Respondent
JCRLA NO. 57 OF 2008
Decided On : 21-04-2017
For the Appellant :Mr. H.B. Dash, Advocate
For the Respondent:Mr. P. Pattnaik, Additional Government Advocate
Headnote:1. PENAL CODE, 1860 - Sec. 452 - In order to attract the mischief of the Section, the burden is on the prosecution to establish that the appellant committed "house trespass" having made preparation for causing hurt to any person or for assaulting any person, or for wrongfully restraining any person or putting any person in fear of such hurt, assault or wrongful restraint, etc. - Once there is no pinch of evidence that the appellant committed the house trespass having made preparation for causing hurt, assault, wrongful restraint, etc., the ingredient of offence u/s.452, IPC is conspicuous by its absence in the evidence of the prosecution witnesses to hold the appellant guilty u/s. 452, IPC. (Para - 6)
2. PENAL CODE, 1860 - Sec. 324 - The very first ingredient for invoking the mischief of the Section is that the appellant must cause "simple hurt" and that it must be caused voluntarily - To bring an offence under the Section, the instrument must be one, not which is 'liable' but which is 'likely' to cause death; the instrument used must be one of which one can predicate that the probable result of its use will be, by virtue of its very nature, death - It must be inherent in the nature of the 'instrument' used that the death is likely to ensue - When the witnesses en masse have deposed that the appellant caused the injuries by means of a 'Khanda', the mischief of Sec. 324, IPC would attract notwithstanding non-seizure of the said weapon of offence and absence of opinion of the Medical Officer that it was "dangerous in nature" - The character of 'Khanda' is inherent - Conviction of the appellant u/s. 324,IPC affirmed. (Para - 7)
3. WITNESS - Close relations by itself is not sufficient to brush aside their evidence if their version is otherwise reliable and inspiring confidence - Merely because the witnesses are closely related, their testimony cannot be discarded - Their relationship is not a factor that affects their credibility, more so a relation would not conceal an actual culprit and makes allegation against an innocent person - A party has to lay down a factual foundation and proof by leading impeccable evidence in support of its false implication - Evidence of such witness, therefore, cannot be ignored or thrown out merely because the witnesses are related to each other. (Para- 8)
JUDGMENT :
S.PUJAHARI, J.
In this Prisoner’s appeal, challenge is to the judgment dated 22.02.2008 passed by the learned Adhoc Additional Sessions Judge, F.T.C., Jajpur in S.T. No.161 of 2006 whereunder the prisoner (hereinafter referred to as “the appellant”) has been found guilty under Sections 452 and 324 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (for short “the IPC”) and sentenced to undergo R.I. for four years and two years respectively. The sentences are directed to be run concurrently.
2. Prosecution case in a short compass was to the effect that one Ratnakar Sahoo (P.W.8) lodged F.I.R. on 19.02.2006 at Mangalpur Police Station alleging, inter-alia, that on 18.02.2006 midnight while he along with his wife – Satyabhama Sahoo (P.W.3) were fast asleep, he woke up hearing knocking of door. Once he opened the door he found his elder brother, appellant – Biswamber Sahoo, his wife – Dhumali Sahoo, their son – Jaga @ Jagabandhu Sahoo and another woman, namely, Jyoshna assembled in front of his house variously armed with like sword, crowbar, iron pipe and bamboo lathis. No sooner, they emerged at the scene of occurrence, those persons sprinkle chilli water on their face and simultaneously attacked them where appellant – Biswambar and his son dealt blows by means of sword and iron rod respectively. Hearing such commotion when their son – Pravakar Sahoo (P.W.4) arrived at the spot from his house, the appellant and others also assaulted him. On arrival of neighbours, the accused persons left the place. Due to assault, the informant (P.W.8), his wife (P.W.3) and their son – Pravakar Sahoo (P.W.4) sustained bleeding wounds. On such report, Mangalpur P.S. Case No.10 dated 19.02.2006 was registered, investigation taken up, injured persons were sent for medical examination and on completion of the investigation, charge-sheet was laid against all the accused persons including the present appellant under Sections 452, 324 and 307 read with Section 34 of I.P.C. The case against appellant and his wife was committed to the Court of Sessions and the case against other accused persons was split up, as they absconded. The appellant and his wife pleaded not guilty to the charge and claimed false implication over property dispute.
On consideration of the evidence of the injured witnesses as well as that of medical opinion, the learned trial court held the appellant guilty under Sections 452 and 324 of IPC and sentenced him as aforesaid. The learned trial court, however, did not find the appellant guilty under Section 307 of IPC and co-accused – Dumali not guilty under all the charges there being no sufficient and adequate evidence brought on record to inculpate her on any charge.
3. The learned counsel for the appellant submitted that the injured witnesses viz. P.Ws.3, 4 and 8 being close relatives, the weapon of offence being not produced before the Medical Officer for his opinion and particularly when there is absolutely no evidence that the appellant had committed house trespass, the learned trial court erred in law as well as in fact in holding the appellant guilty under Sections 452 and 324 of IPC.
4. Controverting such contentions, the learned Addl. Government Advocate for the State supported the impugned judgment of conviction and the sentence imposed.
5. The contentions raised need careful reappraisal of evidence.
6. The principal injured – Ratnakar Sahoo is P.W.8. His wife – Satyabhama Sahoo is P.W.3 while their son, injured – Pravakar Sahoo is P.W.4. In paragraph-1 of his examination-in-chief P.W.8 has stated that hearing commotion when his wife came out of their house and raised alarm, he woke up and also “came out of the house”. According to P.Ws.3, 4 and 8, the site of occurrence was in front of their house on the road. Evidence of P.W.3 revealed that while she was in deep slumber, all on a sudden she woke up hearing knocking of the front ingress of the house, and once she opened the door and stepped out she found the accused persons assembled in front