Mehar Singh, J.

1. This judgment will dispose of three civil writ petitions Nos. 68, 935 and 938 of 1962, the first under Articles 226 and 227 and the remaining two under Article 226 of the Constitution, in which, although other matters have been raised, but the main question for consideration is the constitutional validity and vires of Section 19-E of the Punjab Security of Land Tenures Act, 1953 (Punjab Act 10 of 1953), which section has been added to this principal Act by Section 7 of the Punjab Security of Land Tenures (Amendment and Validation) Act, 1962 (Punjab Act 14 ol 1962), and Section 32-KK of the Pepsu Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act, 19S5 (Pepsu Act 13 of 1955), which section has been Inserted in this principal Act by Section 7 of the Pepsu Tenancy and Agricultural Lands (Amendment and Validation) Act, 1962 Punjab Act 16 of 1962), the provisions of both the sections in either Act being verbatim the same.

2. In Civil Writ No. 68 of 1962 the petitioner is Bhagat Gobind Singh and there are 18 respondents, of whom the first four respectively are the Punjab State, the Financial Commissioner, the Commissioner, Jullundur Division, and the Collector, Jullundur, and