PUNJAB & HARYANA HIGH COURT
J.M.Tandon, J.
Narain Kumar
Versus
Neki Ram
Civil Revision No. 641 of 1977,
Decided On : FEBRUARY 14, 1984
CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE - EXECUTION OF DECREE - DECREE PASSED BY SUBORDINATE JUDGE EXCEEDING PECUNIARY JURISDICTION - WHETHER NULLITY - WHETHER OBJECTION CAN BE RAISED IN EXECUTION PROCEEDINGS - SECTION 11 OF THE SUITS VALUATION ACT, 1887.
Fact of the Case:
A suit for rendition of accounts, possession of a stall, and damages was filed in a court with a pecuniary jurisdiction of Rs. 2,000. The suit was compromised, and a decree was passed for Rs. 5,100 and possession of the stall. The judgment-debtors paid the first installment of Rs. 2,550 on time but defaulted on the second installment. The decree-holder sought execution of the decree, and the judgment-debtors objected, arguing that the decree was a nullity as the Subordinate Judge lacked pecuniary jurisdiction to pass a decree exceeding Rs. 2,000.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the decree was not a nullity and that the objection regarding the lack of pecuniary jurisdiction of the Subordinate Judge could not be raised in execution proceedings. The court relied on Section 11 of the Suits Valuation Act, 1887, and the Supreme Court's decision in Kiran Singh v. Chaman Paswan, which held that objections to jurisdiction, both territorial and pecuniary, are technical and not open to consideration by an appellate court unless there has been a prejudice on the merits.
Issues: 1. Whether the decree passed by the Subordinate Judge was a nullity due to lack of pecuniary jurisdiction? 2. Whether the objection regarding lack of pecuniary jurisdiction could be raised in execution proceedings?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. Section 11 of the Suits Valuation Act, 1887, provides that no objection to the valuation of a suit shall be allowed by any court unless the objection is taken at the earliest possible opportunity and in the manner prescribed by the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. 2. The Supreme Court in Kiran Singh v. Chaman Paswan held that objections to jurisdiction, both territorial and pecuniary, are technical and not open to consideration by an appellate court unless there has been a prejudice on the merits. 3. In the present case, the judgment-debtors did not raise any objection regarding the pecuniary jurisdiction of the Subordinate Judge before filing the objection petition under Section 47 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, in the execution proceedings. 4. The judgment-debtors failed to lay any foundation to warrant a finding that the lack of pecuniary jurisdiction on the part of the Subordinate Judge had prejudiced their case on merits.
Final Decision: The revision petition was dismissed, and the decree was upheld.
1. On Jan. 25, 1973, Neki Ram, respondent filed a suit against Narain Kumar petitioner and his father Lachhman Dass for rendition of accounts, possession of stall No. B-8/118 situate at Main Road, Samana, District Patiala, as also for the recovery of Rupees 200.00 as damages for breaking the lock and two glass panes of the almirahs and Rs. 800.00 as mesne profits from Oct. 2, 1970 to June 1, 1971, at the rate of Rs. 100.00 per month. The suit was valued for purposes of Court-fee and jurisdiction at Rs. 200.00 for rendition of accounts, Rs. 1500.00 for possession, Rs. 200/ for damages and at Rs. 800.00 for mesne profits. The suit was pending in the Court of Shri P.S. Bajaj, Additional Sub Judge IIIrd Class, Patiala, on Dec. 7, 1973, on which date the parties compromised. The trial Court granted a decree for Rs. 5,100.00 and for possession of the stall (shop) in favour of Neki Ram, respondent and against Narain Kumar petitioner and his father Lachhman Dass. The decretal amount could be paid in two equal instalments of Rs. 2550.00 each on April 15, 1974 and Dec. 15, 1974. In case of payment, of both the instalments on the due dates the entire decree, including the one for possession of stall was to stand fully satisfied and in the event of default of payment of any instalment in time the decree-holder could recover the decretal amount due as also the possession of the stall in dispute. The judgment-debtors paid the first instalment of Rs. 2550.00 in time. The amount of second instalment was remitted to the decree-holder by money order on Dec. 23, 1974. The amount of second instalment having not been paid by the due date, that is Dec. 15, 1974, the decree-holder sought the execution of the decree. The petitioner filed an objection petition under Sec.47 of the Civil P. C. which was resisted by Neki Ram decree-holder.
2. The executing Court framed the following issues:
1. Whether the decree in question is a nullity and without jurisdiction? If so, to what effect?
2. Whether the execution petition is not maintainable?
3. Whether the validity of decree in question cannot be challenged by the Objector?
3. The executing Court vide order dt. Sept. 6, 1976, found all the issues in favour of the decree-holder and against the petitioner-judgment-debtor and held that the former was entitled to the recovery of the decretal amount due as also the possession of the stall. The petitioner filed an appeal against the order of the executing Court dt. Sept. 6, 1976, which was dismissed by District Judge, Patiala, vide order dt. April 23, 1977. It is against this order that the present revision is directed.
4. The learned counsel for the petitioner has argued that the amount of second instalment was tendered to the decree-holder some days before Dec. 15, 1974, but he did not accept it. The decree-holder did not approach the petitioner or his father to receive the amount of second instalment on Dec. 15, 1974. It was under these circumstances that the amount of the second instalment was remitted to him by money order on Dec. 23, 1974. The judgment-debtor did not commit any default in payment of the second instalment. The executing Court as also the appellate Court have wrongly recorded a contrary finding. The contention is without merit. The Courts below have rightly held that the petitioner and his father had failed to pay the amount of the second instalment to the decree-holder on Dec. 15, 1974.
5. The other point argued by the learned counsel for the petitioner is that the decree dt. Dec. 7, 1973, was passed by Shri P.S. Bajaj, who exercised the powers of a Third Class Subordinate Judge. His pecuniary jurisdiction was Rs. 2,000.00 . He had no jurisdiction to pass the decree for Rs. 5100.00 against the petitioner and his father. The decree dt. Dec. 7, 1973, is a nullity and cannot be executed. Reliance has been placed on Kalu Ram V/s. Hanwant Ram, AIR 1934 Lah 488 (FB); Ganga Ram V/s. Hakim Rai, AIR 1934 Lah 545 (2) (FB) and Basant Singh V/s.
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