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1979 Supreme(P&H) 64

PUNJAB & HARYANA HIGH COURT
Gokal Chand Mital, J.
Harbans Singh
Versus
Chief Settlement Commissioner, Punjab
Civil Writ Petition No. 1512 of 1967,
Decided On : APRIL 6, 1979

A vendor can only transfer rights possessed by him and cannot convey title no better than his.

Headnote:

LAND REFORMS - ALLOTMENT OF EVACUEE AGRICULTURAL LAND - EXCESS ALLOTMENT - RETRIEVAL - METHOD - TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT, 1882, S. 41 - TARLOK SINGH'S MANUAL, PARAS 24 AND 25.

Fact of the Case:

Krishan Lal, a displaced person, was allotted evacuee agricultural land. He sold the land to different vendees. Later, it was found that his allotment was in excess and the proprietary rights to the extent of the excess area were cancelled. The Rehabilitation Department retrieved the excess area from the last vendees, who challenged the action.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the Rehabilitation Department was justified in retrieving the excess area from the last vendees. The court found that Krishan Lal had no title to the land when he sold it to the last vendees in 1958 and 1959, as his allotment had already been cancelled. Therefore, the last vendees did not acquire any title to the land.

Issues: Whether the Rehabilitation Department was justified in retrieving the excess area from the last vendees.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the Rehabilitation Department was justified in retrieving the excess area from the last vendees because Krishan Lal had no title to the land when he sold it to them. The court relied on the principle of law that a vendor can only transfer rights possessed by him and cannot convey title no better than his.

Final Decision: The court dismissed the petition filed by the last vendees.

Judgment

1. One Krishan Lal a displaced person was allotted an area of about 508 bighas of evacuee agricultural land in lieu of land left by him in Pakistan. In due course proprietary rights were conferred on him by the Managing Officer and he became full owner thereof. After the conferment of the proprietary rights, Krishan Lal, the original owner, sold his land by various sale deeds from 1957 to 1959 to different vendees. After Krishan Lal had sold the land transferred to him by the Rehabilitation Department to the vendees, it was found by the Rehabilitation Department that his allotment to the extent of 6.13½ standard acres, equal to about 54 bighas and 9 biswas, was in excess and in accordance with law the proprietary rights to the extent of the aforesaid area were cancelled by the Rehabilitation Department. The order of cancellation is not in dispute.

2. As a consequence of the cancellation of the 54 bighas and 9 biswas from the allotment of Krishan Lal, this much area had to be retrieved by the Rehabilitation Department from the vendees as by that time the original owner had sold away the entire allotted area including the area which was found to be in excess.

3. The Rehabilitation Department retrieved the excess area from the last vendees of Krishan Lal who purchased the land from him in the sales made by him in the years 1958 and 1959. The persons who purchased from Krishan Lal in the year 1957 were saved.

4. The subsequent vendees were dissatisfied from the orders retrieving the area which was subject-matter of their sales and they failed before all the Rehabilitation Departmental authorities. The Rehabilitation authorities found that the only way to retrieve the excess allotment was that the excess land from the last vendees had to be taken and in this manner the last vendees were deprived of their land and the same was taken over by the Rehabilitation Department. This writ petition is directed against the action of the Rehabilitation Department retrieving the excess allotment of Krishan Lal from his vendees who were the last in point of time.

5. Shri H.S. Wasu, learned Counsel for the petitioners, has invited my attention to paras 24 and 25 of Tarlok Singh s Manual (pages 152 and 153) and has argued that allotment of evacuee property has to be made to the claimants serial-wise and they have to be allotted land according to seriatim numerical numbers of the Khasra and in this manner allotment was made to Krishan Lal claimant, from whom the petitioners purchased the land. If allotment of Krishan Lal is found in excess then the last khasra numbers in the numerical order have to be withdrawn from him and not on the basis of the last purchasers. According to the learned counsel, the khasra numbers which were sold to them by Krishan Lal are the earlier khasra numbers in the list of khasras which were allotted to Krishan Lal and those khasra numbers would be saved and the latter khasra numbers have to be retrieved from the allotment of Krishan Lal and if paras 24 and 25 of Tarlok Singh s Manual had been followed by the Rehabilitation Department then the land of the petitioners would have been saved and that of the other vendees would have been retrieved and according to the learned counsel this is the correct method of retrieving area from an allottee whose allotment is found to be in excess.

6. I am unable to agree with the contention of Mr. H.S. Wasu, the learned counsel appearing for the petitioners. The system of making allotment contained in paras 24 and 25 of Tarlok Singh s Manual would be a good guide at the time of allotment so that the Managing Officers or the Custodians who were given the authority to make allotments may not act arbitrarily while making allotments. So these paragraphs were only a good guide for the matter of making proper allotments in a serial order to the various claimants to avoid discrimination or favouritism or allotment in an irregular or haphazard manner. But these paras cannot be brought i

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