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1997 Supreme(P&H) 1614

PUNJAB & HARYANA HIGH COURT
M.L.Koul, J.
Jyoti Arora
Versus
State Of Haryana
Criminal Miscellaneous No. 13012 of 1996,
Decided On : NOVEMBER 17, 1997

A Special Court under the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 does not have jurisdiction to try an offense directly upon a complaint without a commitment from a Magistrate under Section 193 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.

Headnote:

SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT, 1989 - SECTION 3(1)(X) - JURISDICTION OF SPECIAL COURT - PROCEDURE FOR TRIAL OF OFFENCES - COMMITMENT OF CASE BY MAGISTRATE - DELAY IN FILING COMPLAINT - QUASHING OF PROCEEDINGS.

Fact of the Case:

The accused, a former Registrar of Kurukshetra University, was charged with using derogatory language against a complainant, who was a member of a Scheduled Caste, in violation of Section 3(1)(x) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989. The accused challenged the jurisdiction of the Special Court to take cognizance of the offense without a commitment from a Magistrate under Section 193 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.

Finding of the Court:

The Court held that the Special Court did not have jurisdiction to try the offense directly upon a complaint without a commitment from a Magistrate. The Court found that the Act did not contain any provision authorizing the Special Court to take cognizance of an offense directly, and that the general procedure for trial of offenses under the Code of Criminal Procedure applied.

Issues: 1. Whether the Special Court had jurisdiction to take cognizance of the offense without a commitment from a Magistrate. 2. Whether the delay in filing the complaint affected the jurisdiction of the Special Court.

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The Court relied on the provisions of Sections 4 and 5 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, which provide that the general procedure for trial of offenses applies unless a specific procedure is provided in a special law. The Court found that the Act did not contain any specific procedure for trial of offenses, and therefore the general procedure under the Code of Criminal Procedure applied. 2. The Court held that the delay in filing the complaint was a factor to be considered in determining whether the Special Court had jurisdiction to take cognizance of the offense. The Court found that the delay was unexplained and that the complainant had not provided any justification for the delay. The Court held that the delay was prejudicial to the accused and that it affected the jurisdiction of the Special Court.

Final Decision: The Court quashed the proceedings taken by the Special Court against the accused, holding that the Special Court did not have jurisdiction to try the offense without a commitment from a Magistrate and that the delay in filing the complaint affected the jurisdiction of the Special Court.

Judgment

1. Mrs. Jyoti Arora, former Registrar of Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra (hereafter to be called as the accused) is seeking the indulgence of this Court within the provisions of Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure for quashing of a criminal complaint Annexure P-1 filed by respondent No. 2 Ex-Subedar Nar Singh (hereinafter to be called as the complainant) against the accused pending disposal in the Court of Shri B.P. Jindal, learned Special Judge, Kurukshetra, who has taken cognizance against the accused for trial within Section 3(1)(x) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 (hereinafter to be called as the Act).

2. Mr. Anupam Gupta, learned counsel for the accused argued that complainant has remained deliberately silent to narrate the date in his complaint when atrocious words were used by the accused against the complainant saying that

"Chuhara Chamar Bharti Ho Gai Hain. Thaila Bhar Kar Noton Ka Le Jate Hain. Karte Dharte Kuch Nahin. Tum Jate Ho Ya Dhaka Mar Ke Nikalwaun. Tum Jahan Ke Ho Wahin Rahoge. Ase Hi Tum Ho Asa He Tumbara General Tha Aur Asa He Col. Hai."

3. Rightly so, for his insubordination and dereliction of duty on that date the complainant was placed under suspension and on enquiry punished as well. However, such a date finds mention in the summoning order when allegedly such words were used by the accused against the complainant who went to report the matter to the accused that 50 per cent of the students of LL. B. Final Year had walked out of the examination hall as most of the questions in the question paper were out of the prescribed syllabus. In return the Registrar scolded him and used the said words. It is quite strange that atrocity and harassment was caused to the complainant by the accused on 9-6-1995 but he remained silent about it for 8 months till about the incident an enquiry had taken place against him and he was penalised with stoppage of two increments with cumulative effect and was also ordered not to be paid anything more than subsistence allowance for the period he remained under suspension.

4. In this regard, I went through the pre-summoning evidence recorded by the trial Court and on thoughtful consideration it is evidently found that both the eye-witnesses Col. K.D.P. Singh and Satish Kumar were not at all present in the office when the so-called incident took place. They have heard about it outside the office and, therefore, being the hearsay witnesses could not be said to be the direct witnesses to the occurrence. One is a contractor and the other is a Chief Security Officer in the University. May be they have their own axe to Grind against the accused and for that purpose stood witnesses about an incident which never took place in their presence and remained silent for eight months till the complaint was filed in the Court. Even otherwise the allegations are inherently improbable and absurd as the complainant was charge-sheeted on that date for dereliction of his duty and on proper enquiry was penalised as well. Therefore, he managed a complaint to be lodged against the accused after he was punished. The law cannot ordinarily be divulged from justice and learned Special Judge ought to have examined the issue with great care and caution before summoning the accused who is an IAS officer and as Registrar of the Institution was supposed to control the affairs of the Institution.

5. There is inordinate delay in filing such a complaint which appears to be premeditated filed after due thought and consideration to take revenge against the accused and to make her stand in the dock for the complainant on enquiry about the incident was penalised and his two increments were stopped on 15-2-1996 for derelection of his duty. Soon after he was penalised on 15-2-1996 he arranged to file the present complaint against the accused on 22-2-1996. Although the occurrence is alleged to have taken place on 9-6-1995 he did not seek the action aga






















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