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1993 Supreme(P&H) 260

PUNJAB & HARYANA HIGH COURT
V.K.Jhanji, J.
Mehan Singh And Anr.
Versus
Amarjit Kaur And Ors.
Civil Revision No. 1267 of 1991,
Decided On : APRIL 27, 1993

The trial court must properly determine the legal representative of the deceased and should not allow one party to be brought on record without considering the validity or genuineness of the Wills. The validity and genuineness of the Wills should be decided in separate proceedings.

Headnote:

Order 22, Rule 5 - Legal Representatives - The trial court failed to determine the validity or genuineness of the Will set up by the parties, and allowed one party to be brought on record as the legal representative without proper consideration. The appellate court should bring on record all potential legal representatives and allow the validity and genuineness of the Wills to be decided in separate proceedings.

Fact of the Case:

The dispute arose over the inheritance of property following the death of Pritam Singh in 1981. The trial court decreed the suit in favor of Surmukh Singh, but the decree was challenged by Amarjit Kaur. During the appeal, Surmukh Singh died, and his son, Surjit, applied to be brought on record based on a registered Will. Another Will was set up by Pritam Singh and Mihan Singh.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the trial court failed to properly determine the legal representative of the deceased and allowed one party to be brought on record without considering the validity or genuineness of the Wills. The appellate court was directed to bring on record all potential legal representatives and allow the validity and genuineness of the Wills to be decided in separate proceedings.

Issues: The main issue was the determination of the legal representative of the deceased and the validity of the Wills set up by the parties.

Ratio Decidendi: The trial court must determine the legal representative of the deceased in accordance with Order 22, Rule 5 of the Code of Civil Procedure. The validity and genuineness of the Wills should be decided in separate proceedings.

Final Decision: The revision petition was allowed, and the appellate court was directed to bring on record all potential legal representatives and allow the validity and genuineness of the Wills to be decided in separate proceedings.

Judgment

V.K.Jhanji, J.

1. Mehma Singh, Krishna and Surmukh Singh were the sons of Tarlok Singh. Krishna had a son named Pritasn Singh, who died in the year 1981 The dispute relates to his property. Surmukh Singh, his uncle, as well as Mihan Singh son of Mehma Singh, jointly filed a suit for declaration as well as for possession against one Amarjit Kaur and Maya Devi on the basis of inheritance. The suit was decreed only in favour of Surmukh Singh. The trial Court found that Surmukh S ngh would succeed to the property in preference to Pritam Singh and Mihan Singh. This decree was challenged by Amarjit Kaur before the District Judge, Ambala. The appeal is stated to be pending During the pendency of the appeal, Surmukh Singh died His son, Surjit, made an application for being brought on record on the basis of a registered Will executed by Surmukh Singh in his favour. Pritam Sinsh and Mihan Singh also set up another Will. The trial Court without going into the question as to who would succeed on the basis of which Will, ordered Surjit Singh to be impleaded as legal representative in place of Surmukh Singh being his son. This order is being impugned in the present revision petition.

2. After hearing learned counsel for the parties, I am of the view that the present revision petition deserves to succeed. Order 22, Rule 5 of the Code of Civil Procedure enjoins upon the trial Court, the duty to determine as to who is to be brought on record as legal representative of the deceased. The trial Court without going into the question of validity or genuineness of the Will set up by two sets of parties, allowed the one to be brought on record as legal representative This approach of the trial Court cannot be sustained in view of provision of Order 22, Rule 5 of the Code of Civil Procedure. The trial Court either should have allowed both Mihan Singh, Pritam Singh and Surjit Singh to be brought on record as legal representatives subject to their inter se dispute to be independently tried and decided in a separate proceedings, or should have determined the question of validity of genuineness of the Will for the purpose of re presenting the estate of the deceased. Neither of these modes were adopted, Considering that Mihan Singh and Pritam Singh are parties to the appeal, the first Appellate Court shall bring on record Mihan Singh. Pritam Singh also and Surjit Singh as legal representatives for the purpose of representing the estate of the deceased. So far as genuineness and validity of the Wills is concerned, the same can be decided between the legal representatives whenever any suit/proceedings for succession to the property of Surmukh Singh are filed either on the basis of natural succession or on the basis of the Wills set up by them.

3. Consequently, this revision petition is allowed, but with no order as to costs.

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