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2017 Supreme(P&H) 582

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
AMOL RATTAN SINGH, J.
Jit Kaur and others - Appellants
Vs.
Naranjan Singh - Respondent
RSA No.1986 of 2012 (O&M)
Decided On : 23-05-2017

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : Ms. Supriya Garg
For the Respondent: Ms. Rupinder Kaur Thind

Headnote:

SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACT - SUIT FOR - AGREEMENT OF SALE - EXECUTION AND REGISTRATION - READINESS AND WILLINGNESS - PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE - ATTORNEY'S TESTIMONY - ADMISSIBILITY - SHIFTING STANDS - ADMISSION - VALIDITY OF AGREEMENT - CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS - RELEVANCE - SPECIFIC RELIEF ACT, 1963 - SECTION 16(C) - EXPLANATION (II).

Fact of the Case:

Plaintiff filed a suit for specific performance of an agreement of sale dated 30.01.2000, entered into between him and the defendant, for the sale of 24 kanals of land situated in village Dudwindi, Tehsil Sultanpur Lodhi, District Kapurthala. The defendant denied the agreement and claimed that his thumb impressions were obtained on blank papers and a cheque when he was not in a fit state of mind. The trial court decreed the suit, holding that the defendant was a manipulator and that the agreement was genuine. The first appellate court upheld the trial court's decision.

Finding of the Court:

The High Court held that the testimony of the plaintiff's special attorney, who had no personal knowledge of the facts averred in the plaint, could not be accepted as the testimony of the plaintiff himself. The court also held that the agreement was not validly proved by the plaintiff, as he had not testified himself or through an attorney with first-hand knowledge of the agreement. The court further held that the defendant's shifting stands did not amount to an admission of the averments in the plaint, and that the criminal proceedings initiated by the defendant against the plaintiff were not relevant to the present case.

Issues: 1. Whether the testimony of the plaintiff's special attorney can be accepted as the testimony of the plaintiff himself? 2. Whether the agreement of sale was validly proved by the plaintiff? 3. Whether the defendant's shifting stands amounted to an admission of the averments in the plaint? 4. Whether the criminal proceedings initiated by the defendant against the plaintiff were relevant to the present case?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The testimony of a plaintiff's special attorney cannot be accepted as the testimony of the plaintiff himself, unless the attorney has personal knowledge of the facts averred in the plaint. 2. An agreement of sale is not validly proved by the plaintiff if he has not testified himself or through an attorney with first-hand knowledge of the agreement. 3. A defendant's shifting stands do not amount to an admission of the averments in the plaint, unless such stands tantamount to an admission. 4. Criminal proceedings initiated by a defendant against a plaintiff are not relevant to a civil suit between the same parties, unless the criminal proceedings have resulted in a conviction.

Final Decision: The High Court allowed the appeal, set aside the judgments and decrees of the courts below, and dismissed the plaintiff's suit.

JUDGMENT :

Amol Rattan Singh, J.

This is a second appeal instituted by the legal representatives of the defendant in a suit filed by the respondent-plaintiff, seeking possession of the suit land by way of specific performance of an agreement of sale dated 30.01.2000, stated to have been entered into between the plaintiff and the defendant, Bachan Singh. The present appellants are seen to be his widow, two sons and five daughters, as per the memo of parties before this Court.

The suit instituted on 01.08.2000 having been decreed in favour of the respondent-plaintiff by the learned Additional Civil Judge (Senior Division), Sultanpur Lodhi, on 05.02.2004 and the first appeal filed by the defendant against that judgment and decree having been dismissed by the learned Additional District Judge, Kapurthala, vide her judgment and decree dated 16.03.2012, the present second appeal has come to be filed.

2. The facts leading up to the filing of the suit by respondent-plaintiff Naranjan Singh are being taken from the judgments of the Courts below.

As per the plaintiff, the defendant was owner of land measuring 24 kanals situated in village Dudwindi, Tehsil Sultanpur Lodhi, District Kapurthala, fully described in the head note of the plaint. The defendant had agreed to sell the suit land to the plaintiff for a consideration of Rs.2,75,000/- per acre and therefore, an agreement had been entered into on 30.01.2000, “in the presence of a scribe and attesting witnesses” and the defendant had received Rs.6,35,000/- as earnest money in their presence. Rs.2,00,000/- were stated to have been paid in cash and Rs.4,35,000/- were paid vide cheque no.110906 dated 31.01.2000, drawn on the Punjab National Bank, Dudwindi.

As per the agreement, the land was to be sold alongwith all incidental rights and a tubewell bore with an electricity connection of 2 HP, a security room, etc., constructed thereupon.

The date for execution of the sale deed was stated to have been fixed as 15.05.2000, with the balance sale consideration to be paid at the time of such execution and registration of the deed.

The possession of the land was also to be given at the time of the execution of the sale deed. It was further stated to have been stipulated in the agreement that if the defendant failed to execute the sale deed and get it registered, the plaintiff would have the right to have it executed and registered through a court or to recover the earnest money paid by him, alongwith an equal amount thereupon, with the total compensation thereby coming to Rs.12,70,000/-.

Conversely, if the plaintiff failed to honour his part of the agreement, the earnest money was to be forfeited to the defendant.

3. As per the plaintiff, on the date fixed for execution of the deed, i.e. 15.05.2000, he remained present in the Tehsil premises with the balance sale consideration and expenses but despite waiting there from morning to evening, the defendant never turned up and consequently, the plaintiff got an affidavit attested at the Tehsil by way of proof of his presence there.

He thereafter got a notice issued on 16.05.2000 to the defendant, requiring him to get the sale deed executed and registered on 06.06.2000 but on that date also, though the plaintiff claimed that he remained present in the Teshsil office again, with the balance sale consideration and expenses, the defendant never turned up through out the day. Consequently, the plaintiff again got an affidavit attested as proof of his presence at the Tehsil office.

He also got another legal notice issued to the defendant on 09.06.2000, requiring him to execute the sale deed on 26.06.2000, but yet again, on that date also, the defendant did not turn up, with the plaintiff again getting an affidavit attested to show his presence at the Tehsil office.

Thus, contending that he had always remained ready and willing to perform his part of the agreement but the defendant having failed to do so, the suit was instituted on 01.08.2000.

In his suit, the plaintif










































































































































































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